


























                                                 _
                                                 _
                                                 _
                                     Safety Disk
                                     Safety Disk
                                     Safety Disk 
                                                 
                                                 

                                  Personal Computer
                                  Personal Computer
                                  Personal Computer

                              System Backup & Recovery
                              System Backup & Recovery
                              System Backup & Recovery









                                    User's Manual
                                    User's Manual
                                    User's Manual















                                Version 3.00 
                                Version 3.00 
                                Version 3.00 8/30/95
                                             8/30/95
                                             8/30/95



                                                         Table of Contentsn

                            Copyright c 1991-95 HyperWare
                            Copyright c 1991-95 HyperWare
                            Copyright c 1991-95 HyperWare























































            Safety Disk
          2






                                  License Agreement
                                  License Agreement
                                  License Agreement


          This software is  protected by both  United States copyright  law
          and international treaty  provisions. Therefore,  you must  treat
          this software  "just  like a  book,"  with the  following  single
          exception. HyperWare authorizes  you to make  archival copies  of
          the software for the sole purpose of backing up our software  and
          protecting your investment  from loss.  By saying,  "just like  a
          book," HyperWare  means that  this software  may be  used by  any
          number of  people  and may  be  freely moved  from  one  computer
          location to another, provided there is absolutely no  possibility
          of it being used  at one location  at the same  time it is  being
          used at another. Just as a  book cannot be read by two  different
          people in two different places at the same time, the software may
          not be used by  two different people in  two different places  at
          the same time.

          You may not make  copies of the  software documentation or  disk,
          except as  described above.  You may  not distribute,  rent,  sub
          license, or lease the software or the documentation. You may  not
          alter, modify, or adapt the software or documentation,  including
          but not limited to translating, decompiling, reverse  assembling,
          or creating derivative works. You may  not use the software in  a
          network, timesharing,  multiple  CPU, or  multi-user  environment
          unless each user is licensed by HyperWare.


                                  Limited Warranty
                                  Limited Warranty
                                  Limited Warranty

          In  the  event  of  notification   of  defects  in  material   or
          workmanship, within the warranty period of 30 days from the  date
          of purchase, HyperWare will, at its option, replace the defective
          diskette or  refund the  license fee.  If you  need to  return  a
          product, call  the  HyperWare  Technical  Support  Department  to
          obtain a return  authorization number. The  remedy for breach  of
          this warranty shall be limited to replacement or refund and shall
          not encompass any  other damages,  including but  not limited  to
          loss of profit, and special, incidental, consequential, or  other
          similar claims.

          HyperWare specifically disclaims all other warranties,  expressed
          or implied, including  but not limited  to implied warranties  of
          merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose with respect
          to defects in  the diskette  and documentation,  and the  program
          license  granted  herein  in  particular,  and  without  limiting
          operation of the program license  with respect to any  particular
          application, use,  or purpose.  In no  event shall  HyperWare  be
          liable for any  loss of profit  or any  other commercial  damage,
          including but not limited to special, incidental,  consequential,
          or other damages. This statement shall be construed, interpreted,
          and governed by the laws of the State of California.



          Safety Disk                                                     i



                                                         Table of Contentsn

                                Trademark Information
                                Trademark Information
                                Trademark Information

          Safety Disk, Safety Disk Recovery Diskette, CleanUp, Cleanup  for
          Windows, Tidy, and ExtraDOS Toolbox are trademarks of HyperWare.

          MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

          Other brand/product  names  are trademarks  of  their  respective
          holders.















































          iiSafety Disk






                                  Table of Contents
                                  Table of Contents
                                  Table of Contents



          License Agreement
          License Agreement
          License Agreement................................
                           ................................
                           ...............................................
                                                           ...............
                                                           ...............i
                                                                          i
                                                                          i

          Table of Contents
          Table of Contents
          Table of Contents................................
                           ................................
                           .............................................
                                                           .............
                                                           .............iii
                                                                        iii
                                                                        iii

          Introduction
          Introduction
          Introduction................................
                      ................................
                      ....................................................
                                                      ....................
                                                      ....................1
                                                                          1
                                                                          1
               Who Should Use Safety Disk................................ 2
                                                                         .
               PC Boot Process............................................2
               System Requirements........................................3

          Scope of This Manual
          Scope of This Manual
          Scope of This Manual................................
                              ................................
                              ............................................
                                                              ............
                                                              ............4
                                                                          4
                                                                          4
               Online Help System.........................................4
                    Protected Menu Items................................  4
                                                                        ..
                    Crash Recovery........................................5
               Technical Support..........................................5

          Automatic Installation
          Automatic Installation
          Automatic Installation................................
                                ................................
                                ..........................................
                                                                ..........
                                                                ..........7
                                                                          7
                                                                          7
               Check Up Mode..............................................9
               Create New Recovery Diskette  /N...........................9
               View CMOS Settings  /V....................................10
               Remove Read-Only Attributes  /U...........................10
               Set Read-Only Attributes  /R..............................10

          Manual Operations
          Manual Operations
          Manual Operations................................
                           ................................
                           ..............................................
                                                           ..............
                                                           ..............11
                                                                         11
                                                                         11
               Backup....................................................11
                    Select Items (to Backup).............................11
                    Backup Selected Items................................11
                    Create a New Recovery Diskette.......................12
                        ................................
                    Exit                                .................12
               Restore...................................................12
                    Select Items (to Restore)............................12
                    Restore Items........................................12
                        ................................
                    Exit                                .................12
               View/Edit.................................................13
                            ................................
                    CMOS RAM                                .............13
                    Partition Table......................................13
                    Boot Sector..........................................14
                    IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)................................  14
                                                                       ..
                    MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)...............................14
                    COMMAND.COM..........................................15
                    CONFIG.SYS...........................................15
                    AUTOEXEC.BAT.........................................16
                    Exit View/Edit.......................................17
               Test/Repair...............................................17

          Configure
          Configure
          Configure................................
                   ................................
                   ......................................................
                                                   ......................
                                                   ......................18
                                                                         18
                                                                         18
               General Configuration Options.............................18
                    Default Floppy To Save To............................18
                    Disk & Directory Where Safety Disk Is Installed......18
                    Use Color............................................18
                    Always Prompt Before Restoring.......................18
                    Beep When Tests Fail.................................19
          Safety Disk                                                   iii



                                                         Table of Contentsn

               Checkup Configuration Options.............................19
                    Delay (in seconds) After Tests Complete..............19
                    Frequency To Perform Checkup.........................19
                    Test CMOS RAM during Checkup?........................19
                    Enable Advanced CMOS RAM Testing?....................20
                    Test Partition Table during Checkup?.................20
                    Test Boot Sector during Checkup?.....................20
                    Test CONFIG.SYS during Checkup?......................20
                    Test AUTOEXEC.BAT during Checkup?....................20
               Read Only Configuration Options...........................21
               Advanced Configuration Options............................21
                   ................................
               Exit                                ......................21

          When a Test Fails
          When a Test Fails
          When a Test Fails................................
                           ................................
                           ..............................................
                                                           ..............
                                                           ..............22
                                                                         22
                                                                         22
               Restore Original Copy.....................................22
                    Caution on Restoring Files!..........................22
               Ignore Problem............................................22
               Update Backup.............................................23
               Test Failure Details......................................23
               Advice on Fixing the Problem..............................23
                    CMOS Test Failure....................................23
                    Advanced CMOS Test Failure...........................24
                    Partition Table Test Failure.........................24
                    Boot Sector Test Failure.............................24
                    IO.SYS Test Failure................................  25
                                                                       ..
                    MSDOS.SYS Test Failure...............................25
                    COMMAND.COM Test Failure.............................26
                    CONFIG.SYS Test Failure..............................26
                    AUTOEXEC.BAT Test Failure............................26

          Maintanence Minder
          Maintanence Minder
          Maintanence Minder................................
                            ................................
                            .............................................
                                                            .............
                                                            .............28
                                                                         28
                                                                         28
               Drive Options.............................................28
               Fragmentation Options.....................................28
                    Percentage of files................................  28
                                                                       ..
                    Percentage of total disk space.......................28
               Backup Options............................................28
                    Percentage of files................................  29
                                                                       ..
                    Percentage of total disk space.......................29
                    Megabytes of data....................................29
               Free Space Options........................................29
                    Percentage of entire disk............................30
                    Megabytes of disk space..............................30
               Cleaning Options..........................................30
                    Remind user every n months when floppy drive should  be
                           ................................
                    cleaned                                ..............30
                    Offer to clean drive when cleanning is needed?.......30
                    Clean Drive A:/B:....................................31
                    Floppy Cleaning Passes...............................31
                    Remind user  every  n  months  when  system  should  be
                    cleaned..............................................31
                   ................................
               Exit                                ......................31

          Built-In Text Editor/Viewer
          Built-In Text Editor/Viewer
          Built-In Text Editor/Viewer................................
                                     ................................
                                     ....................................
                                                                     ....
                                                                     ....32
                                                                         32
                                                                         32
               General...................................................32
               Cursor Movement...........................................32
               Block Commands............................................33
            Safety Disk
          iv



                                                         Table of Contentsn

               Insertion and Deletion....................................33
               Mode Toggles..............................................34
               Text Formatting...........................................34

          Safety Disk Files
          Safety Disk Files
          Safety Disk Files................................
                           ................................
                           ..............................................
                                                           ..............
                                                           ..............35
                                                                         35
                                                                         35

          Other Issues
          Other Issues
          Other Issues................................
                      ................................
                      ...................................................
                                                      ...................
                                                      ...................36
                                                                         36
                                                                         36
               Setting Computer Date and Time............................36
               Disk Compression..........................................36
               Windows and DesqView......................................36
               Installing on a LANtastic server..........................36
               Safety Disk and Viruses................................   36
                                                                      ...

                 ................................
                 ................................
                 ................................
          Credits
          Credits
          Credits                                ........................
                                                 ........................
                                                 ........................38
                                                                         38
                                                                         38
               Design & Concept..........................................38
               Programming...............................................38
                  ................................
               Art                                .......................38
               Documentation.............................................39

               ................................
               ................................
               ................................
          Index
          Index
          Index                                ..........................
                                               ..........................
                                               ..........................40
                                                                         40
                                                                         40

          Glossary of Terms
          Glossary of Terms
          Glossary of Terms................................
                           ................................
                           ..............................................
                                                           ..............
                                                           ..............43
                                                                         43
                                                                         43


































            Safety Disk                                                   v







                                    Introduction
                                    Introduction
                                    Introduction


          Congratulations  on  your  purchase  of  Safety  Disk,   Personal
          Computer System Backup  and Recovery. Safety  Disk is a  software
          solution to problems  PC users  encounter in  losing either  CMOS
          memory or  DOS  boot information  on  their computers.  It  is  a
          package that  provides  an  intelligent  method  of  backing  up,
          testing, and restoring your vital system information so that  the
          system  can  boot  itself  after  system  information  has   been
          corrupted or  lost.   This is  the first  product that  offers  a
          combination of all of these features.

          Most  PCs  on  the  market  are  80286,  80386,  or  80486  based
          computers. All these computers  have  an  on-board CMOS RAM chip
          (Motorola 146818  or equivalent)  that stores  setup  information
          such as disk drive types,  video controller, memory settings  and
          more. On some  machines, it  may even  contain information  about
          video BIOS, clock speed, keyboard,  etc. All these machines  rely
          on a battery pack of some sort to keep this information when  the
          machine is powered  off. When these  batteries die,  there is  no
          warning, and all CMOS information is lost. Safety Disk saves this
          information and allows even  the most naive  user to restore  the
          CMOS.

          Another problem found in PCs is  that when loading a new  package
          or experimenting  with  DOS, users  can  delete the  vital  files
          needed to boot up the machine. Safety Disk creates a copy of  all
          the necessary files to get a machine up and running, even when it
          has lost vital  files. With Safety  Disk's automatic  restoration
          option, you can  restore any or  all of  the boot files  back to
          their original states.

          A new culprit is the computer virus.  Some viruses can delete or
          corrupt vital information in your system boot files or even erase
              Boot Sector or 
          the                Partition Table information of your hard disk,
          rendering your hard disk and all of your data completely useless.
          Safety Disk automatically detects when any system files have been
          corrupted by a virus and informs you of the problem. Safety  Disk
          also keeps a backup copy of the Boot Sector and can automatically
          restore it without losing any valuable data on the disk drive.

          An additional feature of Safety Disk is that every time you  boot
          your machine, it scans your system to verify that your CMOS RAM,
          Partition Table, Boot Sector,  DOS boot files,  and system files
          are all  valid  and unchanged.  If  they have  been  modified  or
          deleted, a warning is posted so that you can keep the Safety Disk
          backup information current. This check is helpful in catching the
          effects of the majority  of viruses that  change the contents  of
          one or more system files without changing the date or size of the
          file.

          Safety Disk requires no resident memory space, but it checks your
          system during bootup to make sure  the information stored in  its
          backup is current with your system.
          Safety Disk                                                     1



                                                               Introduction

          Safety Disk's installation  program automatically  seeks out  all
          files and data needed to create the Recovery Diskette and copies
          this information  to  the diskette.  Then,  if you  boot  up  the
          Recovery Diskette, Safety  Disk determines  the system's  problem
          and offers  a solution.  You can  also load  a manual mode  that
          allows you to explore Safety Disk's stored information.


          Who Should Use Safety Disk
          Who Should Use Safety Disk
          Who Should Use Safety Disk

          Safety Disk  is  a  useful  tool for  users  with  any  level  of
          expertise.

          The novice user will find Safety  Disk a comforting tool.  Safety
          Disk installs itself onto the system  and backs up all the  vital
          information necessary to boot the machine. If a user accidentally
          deletes DOS files  or overwrites them  with a different  version,
          Safety Disk quickly spots and repairs the problem.

          Safety Disk  provides  the  intermediate  user  with  a  valuable
          insight into how the system works and what this information looks
          like. It also provide this user  with a quick way to safely  back
          up valuable information that cannot be saved by other products.

          For the Expert user, Safety Disk provides a comprehensive way  to
          delve into the setup  and boot information of  the PC and  allows
          for the backup  and recovery  of this  information. Expert  users
          often swap various  hardware configurations in  and out of  their
          PC. Using Safety Disk to make a backup set for each configuration
          keeps an image of the vital system information for each setup.


          PC Boot Process
          PC Boot Process
          PC Boot Process

          To understand  why  Safety  Disk  is  so  important  and  how  it
          functions, it helps to understand what actually happens when  you
          turn on or boot a PC.

          When you turn on your PC, an electrical signal follows a path  on
          your motherboard to the CPU's  internal memory registers. In the
          process, the signal  resets the CPU  register called the  program
          counter. The Program  Counter tells the  CPU the  address of  the
          next instruction that needs processing. In this case, the address
          is the beginning of the boot program stored in the ROM BIOS.

          The ROM BIOS boot program invokes a series of system checks known
          as the Power On Self  Tests (POST).  The first  series of  tests
          tells the CPU to ensure that the RAM and other internal chips are
          functioning properly.

          The CPU  then  examines  the setup  information  stored  in  CMOS
          memory, which keeps a record of the hardware setup. The CPU  then
          verifies that  the devices  recorded in  the CMOS  match what  is
          actually attached. The final series of tests check that input and


          2 Safety Disk



                                                               Introduction

          output systems, such  as the  keyboard, video  adapter, and  disk
          drives, match the CMOS settings and are functioning properly.

          The boot program  then checks drive  A: for a  floppy disk. If  a
          disk is installed  in the drive,  the program  searches the  Boot
          Sector of the disk for a special boot program. If the drive holds
          a diskette without this program, the disk generates an error.  If
          the drive is empty,  the boot program checks  the Boot Sector  of
          drive C: for boot instructions.

          After locating a disk with a valid Boot Sector, the boot  program
          reads data  stored on  the disk's  Boot  Sector and  loads  these
          instructions  into   the  machine's   memory.  From   here,   the
          instructions run  DOS  IO.SYS (sometimes  called  IBMBIO.COM),  a
          program pointed to by the Boot Sector.

          The boot program takes  control of the PC  and loads IO.SYS  into
          RAM. IO.SYS includes a routine called SYSINIT to manage the rest
          of the boot up.

          SYSINIT takes control of the startup process and loads  MSDOS.SYS
          (sometimes called  IBMDOS.COM)  into  memory.  MSDOS.SYS  manages
          files, executes programs and responds to hardware interrupts.

          SYSINIT then searches the root directory  of C: for a  CONFIG.SYS
          file and  tells MSDOS.SYS  to execute  the commands  in it.  Next
          SYSINIT tells  MSDOS.SYS  to  load  COMMAND.COM which  processes
          commands for other  DOS programs.   COMMAND.COM takes control  of
          the PC, searches the root directory for an AUTOEXEC.BAT file, and
          invokes any command it finds in that file.


          System Requirements
          System Requirements
          System Requirements

          Safety Disk has the following minimum requirements for operation:

                 IBM XT, AT, or 100% compatible
               . 
                 PC-DOS (MS-DOS) 2.0 or later
               . 
               . 475K RAM
                 Floppy Disk Drive
               . 
                 Hard Disk Drive
               . 

          Support is also available for the following:

                 Mouse
               . 
                 Color monitors
               . 










            Safety Disk                                                   3






                                Scope of This Manual
                                Scope of This Manual
                                Scope of This Manual


          The Safety Disk User's  Manual tells you  everything you need  to
          know to install and run the Safety Disk program. It explains  how
          your PC system runs,  how to invoke  various Safety Disk  options
          for examining system information, and what to do when Safety Disk
          detects a problem. It also contains a glossary of technical terms
          used in the manual and an index.

          Certain conventions have  been used  in this  manual to  increase
          clarity. Keys that you press on the keyboard are shown in  square
          brackets, such as [ENTER]. Words that you type are  shown in all
          caps, although you may  type them in  lower case characters.  The
          mouse cursor appears as a small  rectangle with a diamond in  the
          middle.


          Online Help System
          Online Help System
          Online Help System

          Safety  Disk  was   designed  for  easy   use.  Because  of   its
          comprehensive Help system, you may not even need to refer to your
          manual. Anytime you  need Help, press  the [F1] key, and  Safety
          Disk pops  up a  context-sensitive Help  screen to  explain  your
          options. Once inside a Help screen, you have several options:

                 Press 
               .             to exit
                       [ESC]         the Help screen
                 Press 
               .              or 
                       [PGDN]     [PGUP] to view  the pages within  a Help
                 screen
                 Press 
               .       [F1] again for the alphabetical Help Index
                 Press 
               .       [ALT-F1] for the last topic you viewed

          While you're in the Help Index,  use the cursor keys to select  a
          Help  topic,  then  press  [ENTER].  The  screen  responds  with
          information on the Help topic you specified. You can also back up
          through previous topics you've browsed by pressing the [ALT] and
               keys together  as many times  as required to  return to  the
          [F1]
          topic you want.


          Protected Menu Items
          Protected Menu Items
          Protected Menu Items

          Some of Safety  Disk's menu items  may appear on  your screen in
          very dim characters. This means the item is protected and  cannot
          be selected. If  you have a  protected menu item,  it means  that
          either this menu item is not applicable to your computer or  disk
          system, or there is  another menu item you  must run before  this
          portion of the program can be selected. For example, if you don't
          have a computer that uses CMOS RAM, the CMOS RAM menu  item will
          be protected.





          Safety Disk                                                     4



                                                       Scope of This Manual

          Crash Recovery
          Crash Recovery
          Crash Recovery

          When your computer fails to boot up properly the precautions  you
          took in creating a Crash Recovery  Disk will be welcomed.   Crash
          Recovery may be as  simple as inserting  the Crash Recovery  Disk
          and rebooting.  Normally you simply select Restore from the  list
          of options.

          If your  CMOS  configuration  RAM has  been  corrupted  it  might
          require you to manually configure your A: drive type in the  CMOS
          Setup.  This manual intervention  is required because the  system
          must first recognize the  A: drive to be  able to boot up  Safety
          Disk for any subsequent recovery steps.

          Activating the CMOS  Setup Screen varies  from system to  system,
          depending upon which brand and which  version BIOS is used.   The
          computer may automatically  bring up the  CMOS Setup Screen  when
          you reboot if it detects the CMOS memory has been corrupted.   If
          this doesn't occur you will need  to press a key set to  activate
          the screen.  Some common activation  keys to try during the  boot
          process are:


                                as
                               v         m         f


          Many systems will  tell you  which key(s)  to press  during the
          initial boot sequence.   If not,  and if none  of the suggested
          keys work, you must consult your system manual.

          Once your  system recognizes  the A:  drive, continue  with the
          crash recovery sequence  using the  Safety Disk  Crash Recovery
          Diskette.


          Technical Support
          Technical Support
          Technical Support

          Many times we get calls from people asking questions that can  be
          solved easily by checking through the manual before calling  tech
          support.  We  ask  that  you  browse  the  manual  and  look  for
          information pertaining to your particular problem before calling.
          This can often save you time, as we take a collection of our most
          common questions and try to address them in this manual.

          We offer  alternative methods  in  addition to  the  conventional
          phone support, such as a multi-line  24-hour BBS system. We  also
          monitor most  technical  conferences  in the  BBS  Interlink  and
          RelayNet networks  as well  as many  of  the conferences  on  the
          CompuServe  Information  System.  You   may  send  messages   and
          questions via any of these services.

          Currently our  Tech  Support  office is  staffed  Monday  through
          Friday from  9:00 a.m.  to 5:00  p.m. Pacific  Time. There  is  a
          chance, however, that someone  is in the  office outside of  this


            Safety Disk                                                   5



                                                       Scope of This Manual

          time frame. If so, we will  gladly answer your questions  outside
          the normal business hours.

                      HyperWare - Technical Support Department
                      HyperWare - Technical Support Department
                      HyperWare - Technical Support Department
                                  185 Berry Street
                                  185 Berry Street
                                  185 Berry Street
                              San Francisco, CA  94107
                              San Francisco, CA  94107
                              San Francisco, CA  94107
                                (415) 882-1740 Voice
                                (415) 882-1740 Voice
                                (415) 882-1740 Voice
                                 (415) 882-1733 FAX
                                 (415) 882-1733 FAX
                                 (415) 882-1733 FAX
                                  (415) 882-1735 BBS
                                  (415) 882-1735 BBS
                                  (415) 882-1735 BBS
                                71333,3657 CompuServe
                                71333,3657 CompuServe
                                71333,3657 CompuServe
                              http://www.fht.com/hyper
                              http://www.fht.com/hyper
                              http://www.fht.com/hyper













































            Safety Disk
          6






                               Automatic Installation
                               Automatic Installation
                               Automatic Installation


          Safety Disk's automatic installation  program guides you  through
          the steps of  installing Safety  Disk, backing  up your  system's
          vital information, and creating a  Recovery Diskette. To run  the
          installation program, insert  your Safety  Disk Program  Diskette
          into your floppy drive and enter:

                    A:INSTALL[ENTER]

          You can run the installation program  from any diskette drive  in
          your system. If the drive you  are running the installation  from
          is a drive other than A:, substitute that drive letter for A:  in
          the above sequence.

          After the  installation  program  has  been  loading  for  a  few
          seconds, you see the opening Safety  Disk logo screen. From  here
          press the any key for the program to continue.

          The next screen says  that you are about  to install the  product
          and verifies that you wish to do so. If you do, press [ENTER] or
             . If you wish to abort the installation, use the arrow keys to
          [Y]
                    and press 
          select NO                  . If you have a 
                              [ENTER]                 mouse, you may click
          on Yes or No.

          The  next  screen  requires   you  to  enter  some   registration
          information. Enter the serial number that  is on the back of  the
          manual cover  or on  the diskette  label. Then  enter your  name,
          address, and other requested information. Once you have filled in
          all the  requested  information,  press        to  continue  the
                                                   [F10]
          installation procedure.

          Safety Disk now has two installation modes, Easy or Advanced.  If
          you wish  to  install  Safety  Disk  quickly  using  the  default
          options, use  the  Easy  Installation option.    If  you  do  not
          understand the details of what Safety Disk does, we recommend the
          Easy Installation option.

          Users who have a good understanding of Safety Disk or wish to see
          all of the configuration  options during installation should  use
          the Advanced Installation option.   During Advanced  Installation
          you will be  prompted for  each configuration  option during  the
          installation.

          Regardless of which installation method you use you can later  go
          in and change any of the installation options in the manual  mode
          of Safety Disk.

          Next you are informed that the  installation program is going  to
          scan your system for previous versions of Safety Disk. This takes
          a few minutes  depending on  the size  of your  hard disk.  Press
                  or 
          [ENTER]    [Y] to continue.


          Safety Disk                                                     7



                                                     Automatic Installation

          Once the installation program has searched your disk, it  prompts
          you for the location of the Safety Disk program disk and where it
          should install Safety  Disk on your  hard disk. The  installation
          program tries to  install Safety  Disk onto  your C:  drive in  a
          directory named \SAFEDISK. If you require a special directory or
          want the  program on  another drive,  make  the changes  on  this
          screen. Once you are satisfied with the information, press  [F10]
          to continue with the installation procedure.

          You are  now told  the installation  program  will copy  all  the
          Safety Disk program files onto your machine. Press [ENTER] or [Y]
          to continue the installation process. The screen shows you  which
          files are being copied and when  each copy procedure is done.  As
          Safety  Disk  is  copying  your  files,  a  screen  overlay  asks
          permission to add  the AutoCheckup feature  to your  AUTOEXEC.BAT
          file. Once  all the  files have  been  copied, press  [ENTER] to
          continue to the next step.

          The next screen tells you that  you will have the opportunity  to
          change  the  default  settings  for  Safety  Disk  operation.  To
          continue, press [ENTER]     [Y]
                                  or     . Safety Disk  responds with  the
          configuration screen.  We  suggest  using  the  default  settings
          unless you have  a specific item  that you wish  to change.   For
          detailed descriptions  of these  options, see  the  Configuration
          section in Chapter 4, Manual Operation. Press [F10] to save your
          selections and continue the installation process.

          Now the installation program makes a  backup copy of all of  your
          system's vital information and programs. It stores these  backups
          in the installation directory specified earlier. Press [ENTER] or
              to backup the system information and files
          [Y]                                           . The screen shows
          you which files are being backed up and when each backup is done.
          If Safety Disk detects that your IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM) or MSDOS.SYS
          (IBMDOS.COM) files are not Read  Only, Hidden, and System  files,
          it asks  permission to  make these  changes. Once  the backup  is
          complete, press [ENTER] to continue.

          The final  step of  the installation  process  is to  create  the
          Safety Disk Recovery Diskette. This is a  critical step, because
          the Recovery Diskette provides a way  to boot your system if you
          lose any  of your  system's vital  bootup information.  With  the
          Recovery Diskette, you can restore any lost or  corrupted system
          information. A preformatted diskette has been provided for use as
          your Recovery Diskette.

          Safety Disk tells you it is going to create a Recovery  Diskette.
          Press [ENTER] to  continue.   As the  next  screen prompts  you,
          remove the program diskette from drive A: and insert the Recovery
          Diskette. When you are ready, press [ENTER].

          Safety Disk then copies  the system boot files to it. Next,  the
          system information is  backed up onto  the Recovery Diskette,  so
          information can be restored from  the Recovery Diskette, in  case
          the backup information  on your hard  disk is inaccessible.  Once


            Safety Disk
          8



                                                     Automatic Installation

          this  backup  has  been  completed,  press  the  [ENTER]  key  to
          continue.

          You are  prompted to  remove the  Recovery Diskette  and told  to
          store it in a safe place. Press         to continue. The program
                                          [ENTER]
          then asks if you want to view the README.SD file, which  contains
          last-minute information not found in this documentation. To  exit
          from the README.SD file, press [ESC].

          The program  then asks  permission to  reboot your  machine.  The
          installation program has installed  a copy of  the command to  do
          the Safety Disk  Checkup routines in  your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. By
          rebooting your machine, you can see the checkup take place during
          the boot process.

          Use care  when  storing  your  Recovery  Diskette  as  it  is  an
          important item in the case of  trouble.  We recommend keeping  it
          near your computer so that it is easily accessible if you need to
          use it.  Do not  store it on or  directly beside your monitor  as
          some PC monitors emit magnetic fields that can damage the data on
          diskettes.  Also, if you have  a digitizing tablet such as  those
          used in CAD  software, never place  the diskette  on or  directly
          beside the tablet, as it is also emitting a large magnetic field.

          After Safety  Disk  has been  installed,  you can  run  it  again
          anytime. Just  enter  SAFEDISK  from the  Safety Disk  directory
          (\SAFEDISK, unless you have  renamed it). This chapter  describes
              command line parameters that effect how Safety Disk runs.
          the 


          Check Up Mode
          Check Up Mode
          Check Up Mode

          During installation of Safety Disk,  the command line CHECKUP is
          automatically placed as  the first command  in your  AUTOEXEC.BAT
          file. This  ensures that  once the  operating system  is  loaded,
          Safety Disk  first  performs a  checkup to  verify  that current
          system  information  and  operating  system  files  match  those
          maintained in  Safety Disk's  backup. During  this test,  if any
          discrepancies arise, you are notified  and asked for the  actions
          to take. For further discussion of your options, refer to When a
                                                                    When a
                                                                    When a
          Test Fails
          Test Fails
          Test Fails.

          You may also specify this parameter when you run Safety Disk from
          the Safety Disk directory (\SAFEDISK, unless you have renamed it)
          to perform the same system checkup.

          On the recovery disk, the program RECOVER.EXE is used instead  of
          SAFEDISK.EXE  or  CHECKUP.EXE.    This  program  only  tests  and
          repairs, it does  not allow you  to modify  the configuration  or
          make backups of items.


          Create New Recovery Diskette  /N
          Create New Recovery Diskette  /N
          Create New Recovery Diskette  /N

          At any time you  can create a new  bootable Recovery Diskette  by
          running SAFEDISK /N
                  SAFEDISK /N
                  SAFEDISK /N from the Safety Disk directory. This runs you
            Safety Disk                                                   9



                                                     Automatic Installation

          through the process  of formatting and  copying the vital  system
          information to a diskette.


          View CMOS Settings  /V
          View CMOS Settings  /V
          View CMOS Settings  /V

          This option allows you to take  a quick look at the PC's  current
          CMOS RAM values.  It is handy  if you are  just trying to  verify
          what settings your CMOS RAM has  stored. To run this mode,  enter
          SAFEDISK /V
          SAFEDISK /V
          SAFEDISK /V from the Safety Disk directory.


          Remove Read-Only Attributes  /U
          Remove Read-Only Attributes  /U
          Remove Read-Only Attributes  /U

          Sometimes  the  Read-Only  attributes  set  on  AUTOEXEC.BAT  or
          CONFIG.SYS  can  cause  problems.   For  example,  some   product
          installers  need  to  modify   these  files  to  place   specific
          configuration information  to  enable  the  products  to  operate
          properly. The Read-Only  attribute set  on these  files may  keep
          these  installation   programs   from   installing   the   proper
          information. If this is the case, you can use Safety Disk to turn
          off the Read-Only attributes quickly and easily. Run SAFEDISK /U
                                                               SAFEDISK /U
                                                               SAFEDISK /U
          from the Safety Disk directory, and it automatically removes  the
          Read-Only attribute  from these  files. Note:  Remember to  reset
          these attributes when you are done modifying these files, so that
          they are  not  inadvertently changed  or  deleted by  some  other
          program.


          Set Read-Only Attributes  /R
          Set Read-Only Attributes  /R
          Set Read-Only Attributes  /R

          This option sets all your system's bootup files to have Read-Only
          attributes. It then verifies that none  of these files have  been
          changed since  the  last backup. This  ensures  that the  backup
          information stored by Safety Disk matches your system's files. If
          you have just modified your CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT files,  be
          sure to update your backup information.  To run this mode,  enter
          SAFEDISK /R
          SAFEDISK /R
          SAFEDISK /R from the Safety Diskdirectory.


















          10Safety Disk






                                  Manual Operations
                                  Manual Operations
                                  Manual Operations


          You can run any of the features of Safety Disk by loading it into
          Manual Operation  Mode.  Enter  SAFEDISK
                                          SAFEDISK
                                          SAFEDISK from  the   Safety Disk
          directory (\SAFEDISK, unless you have renamed it). The following
          sections explain  each  option  available  during  Safety  Disk's
          manual operation.

          The options are listed on the Main Menu. To choose an option, you
          may use  the arrow  keys  to select  and  then press  [ENTER] to
          activate, or you  may just enter  the highlighted  letter of  the
          option you  want. If  you have  a  mouse, click  on the  item to
          activate it.


          Backup
          Backup
          Backup

          When you choose Backup from the Main Menu, Safety  Disk backs up
          on your hard disk your most critical system areas and files, plus
          it updates  internal  information  about those  files.  During  a
          backup, Safety Disk backs up your CMOS RAM data (if applicable),
          Partition Table,  Boot Sector,  bootup files    AUTOEXEC.BAT and
                                                        (
          CONFIG.SYS), and  information about  your system  files  (IO.SYS,
          MSDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM).

          Run a backup whenever  you make changes to your system,  such as
          adding or  upgrading  to a  new  hard drive,  adding memory,  or
          changing other computer configurations. Note: If  you use Safety
          Disk's editor (recommended) to make changes to your  AUTOEXEC.BAT
          or CONFIG.SYS files, you don't need  to do a Backup. Safety  Disk
          automatically takes care of that for you.

          When you select Backup  from the Main Menu,  you may choose  from
          the following options.


          Select Items (to Backup)
          Select Items (to Backup)
          Select Items (to Backup)

          Use this menu option to select specific files and information you
          want to back up. This option doesn't perform the backup; it  just
          lets you select the  files for backup. If  any of the  checkboxes
          are not checked off with the    symbol when you enter the  option
                                        O
          the  first  time,  it  means  the  file  or  information  is  not
          available.


          Backup Selected Items
          Backup Selected Items
          Backup Selected Items

          When you choose this option, Safety Disk proceeds with backing up
          the files  and  information  you selected  (the  default  is  all
          items).



          Safety Disk                                                    11



                                                           Manual Operation

          Create a New Recovery Diskette
          Create a New Recovery Diskette
          Create a New Recovery Diskette

          When you choose this option, Safety  Disk helps you create a  new
          Recovery Diskette. This is  the floppy diskette  you use to  boot
          your computer  when you  cannot boot  from  your hard  disk.  The
          Recovery Diskette can perform anytime the same checks that Safety
          Disk performs when you first boot up your computer. It will  also
          recommend a solution to any problem it detects.

          You need  a  blank  floppy diskette  to  create  a  new  Recovery
          Diskette. Always keep a current copy of your Recovery Diskette in
          a safe place, so you can use it to restore your system.


          Exit
          Exit
          Exit

          Selecting this option returns you to the Safety Disk Main Menu.


          Restore
          Restore
          Restore

                  allows you  to bring  back information  on your  critical
          Restore
          system areas and files that  would otherwise be unavailable.  For
          instance, if something happens to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, you can
          use Restore to get back the old (correct) file.

          When you select Restore Menu from the Main Menu, choose from  the
          following options:


          Select Items (to Restore)
          Select Items (to Restore)
          Select Items (to Restore)

          When you choose  this option, you  may select  specific files or
          system information to restore. The default is all items. When you
          have made your  selections, press [F10] to save  the information
          and exit the Select Items screen.


          Restore Items
          Restore Items
          Restore Items

          When you choose this option, Safety  Disk restores the items  you
          have selected. You are prompted before each item is restored. The
          system forces you to reboot after  it restores each of the  first
          four items on the list: CMOS  RAM, Partition Table, Boot  Sector,
          or COMMAND.COM. It must boot after each of these, because if  any
          one is  corrupted,  the  items  below it  on  the  list  will  be
          adversely affected.  The system  asks permission  to reboot  your
          system after  restoring  AUTOEXEC.BAT and  CONFIG.SYS.  When  all
          selected items have been restored, press         to return to the
                                                   [ENTER]
          Main Menu.


          Exit
          Exit
          Exit

          Selecting this option returns you to the Safety Disk Main Menu.

            Safety Disk
          12



                                                           Manual Operation

          View/Edit
          View/Edit
          View/Edit

          This View/Edit option allows you to  view information about your
          system areas or files. You can view the contents of your CMOS RAM
          (if applicable), your disk's Partition Table or  Boot Sector, or
          detailed information on your system files (size, date, time,  and
          CRC). You can also look at the actual text inside your CONFIG.SYS
          and AUTOEXEC.BAT files. Finally,  you can  edit the  contents of
          these two files. When you edit either of these files, Safety Disk
          automatically backs up the information about them.

          When you select  View/Edit from the  Main Menu,  choose from  the
          following options:


          CMOS RAM
          CMOS RAM
          CMOS RAM

          The CMOS RAM menu option allows you  to view your system's  CMOS
          RAM data. Safety  Disk allows you  only to view  the contents  of
          your CMOS RAM. To change your CMOS RAM, you normally must enter a
          special utility program immediately after you boot your computer.
          We are working on a universally  compatible CMOS RAM editor that
          will be available in the next release of Safety Disk.

          Note: If you  don't have an  AT-compatible computer, this  option
          does not apply. If you have an  XT, you don't have CMOS RAM,  and
          the menu option is not available to you.

          CMOS RAM is a  special kind of  memory that contains  information
          about the way your computer is  configured. It stores data  about
          the date and time, the type  of hard disk(s) you have  installed,
          what kind of floppy disks you have, conventional and/or  extended
          memory, type of video card, whether  you have a math  coprocessor
          chip installed, and other important parameters about your system.

          CMOS RAM is very special because it always has power (supplied by
          a special long-life battery) applied to it. If the battery fails,
          your computer (your CMOS RAM, actually) has, in effect, lost  its
          memory. Fortunately, if this happens, Safety Disk can restore the
          contents of your CMOS RAM.


          Partition Table
          Partition Table
          Partition Table

          Your Partition Table is a record stored  on your hard drive that
          determines  the  layout  of  your  hard  drive.  There  are  many
          operating  systems  that  will  work  on  PC  hardware,  and  the
          partition table divides the drive into  logical areas for use  by
          various operating systems including  DOS. The partition table  is
          also used to create multiple logical  drives out of one  physical
          hard drive.

          Safety Disk allows you only to view the contents of your  primary
          Partition  Table.    You  are  not  allowed  to  change  it.  The
          information in your Partition Table is very technical and  should

            Safety Disk                                                  13



                                                           Manual Operation

          only be changed when you install  a new operating system on  your
          disk.

          If something happens to your Partition Table, you may not be able
          to boot  up  from  your hard  disk.  Unfortunately,  because  the
          Partition Table is so  critical to your system,  it is often  the
          target of viruses or other harmful programs.

          Safety Disk can  help you guard  against data  loss if  something
          targets your Partition  Table. Safety  Disk can  likely fix  your
                  Partition Table with the backup copy it has saved.
          primary 


          Boot Sector
          Boot Sector
          Boot Sector

          Your Boot Sector (also called a Boot  Record) is a small area at
          the very beginning of your disk. It tells the computer about your
          disk and how to boot it with your operating system.

          Safety Disk allows  you only to  view the contents  of your  Boot
          Sector. You are not allowed to change it. The information in your
          Boot Sector is very technical and should only be changed when you
          install a new operating system on your disk.

          If something happens to your Boot Sector, you may not be able  to
          boot up  from your  hard disk.  Unfortunately, because  the  Boot
          Sector is so critical to your  system, it is often the target  of
          viruses or other harmful programs.

          Safety Disk can  help you guard  against data  loss if  something
          targets your Boot Sector.  Safety Disk can  likely fix your  Boot
          Sector with the backup copy it has saved.


          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)

          This is one of the system  files DOS uses to boot your computer.
          Normally you can't see this  file, because your operating  system
          protects it from being seen or  deleted. If something happens  to
          this file, you won't be able to boot up from your hard disk.

          You can view information about IO.SYS (the size, date, time,  and
          CRC), but you can't view or modify the file itself.


          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)
          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)
          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)

          This is one of the system  files DOS uses to boot your  computer.
          Normally you can't see this  file, because your operating  system
          protects it from being seen or  deleted. If something happens  to
          this file, you won't be able to boot up from your hard disk.

          You can view information about  MSDOS.SYS (the size, date,  time,
          and CRC), but you can't view or modify the file itself.


          14Safety Disk



                                                           Manual Operation

          COMMAND.COM
          COMMAND.COM
          COMMAND.COM

          In many  ways your  COMMAND.COM file  is your  operating system.
          COMMAND.COM is  known  as  the command  interpreter.  It  is  the
          program that is running  all the time and  allows you to  control
          your disk and the programs you run.

          You can view information about COMMAND.COM (the size, date, time,
          and CRC), but you can't view or modify the file itself.

          If something happens to COMMAND.COM, you won't be able to boot up
          from your hard disk (in fact  you probably won't be able to  even
          run a program).

          Note: Safety Disk  detects and supports  the use  of third  party
          command interpreters such as 4DOS.  It will automatically  backup
          the proper files, no user intervention is required.


          CONFIG.SYS
          CONFIG.SYS
          CONFIG.SYS

          CONFIG.SYS is a  small text file  you use to  tell MS-DOS how to
          configure itself.  Sometimes when  you  install new  software  or
          hardware, you have to modify CONFIG.SYS, so that DOS knows  about
          your new configuration.

          Safety Disk not only allows you to view information (size,  date,
          time, and CRC) about  your CONFIG.SYS file,  but it also  enables
          you to view, browse, or edit its contents.

          If something happens to your CONFIG.SYS file, you may not be able
          to boot your computer normally. Safety  Disk will have a copy  of
          your CONFIG.SYS file which it can restore to your hard disk  when
          required.

          When you select CONFIG.SYS from  the View/Edit Menu, choose from
          the following options:


          Info (on CONFIG.SYS)
          Info (on CONFIG.SYS)
          Info (on CONFIG.SYS)

          When you  select  this option,  Safety  Disk shows  you  detailed
          information about your CONFIG.SYS  file. Safety Disk keeps  track
          of the size (in  bytes) of your  file, the date  and time it  was
          last modified, and the CRC value Safety Disk has computed for it.


          View (CONFIG.SYS
          View (CONFIG.SYS
          View (CONFIG.SYS

          This option allows you  to view the  contents of your  CONFIG.SYS
          file. If you're curious, select this option and take a look. This
          option does not allow you to modify CONFIG.SYS.


          Edit (CONFIG.SYS)
          Edit (CONFIG.SYS)
          Edit (CONFIG.SYS)

            Safety Disk                                                  15



                                                           Manual Operation

          This option allows you  to edit the  contents of your  CONFIG.SYS
          file. Use this option with caution! You could easily change  your
          system's bootup configuration and  disable some of  the system's
          hardware or software features.

          After  you've  edited  CONFIG.SYS  and  saved  it,  Safety   Disk
          automatically updates the information about it. If you need to go
          to back  the  previous version,  you  can view  the  contents  of
          CONFIG.BAK.


          Exit ( from CONFIG.SYS)
          Exit ( from CONFIG.SYS)
          Exit ( from CONFIG.SYS)

          Selecting this option returns you to the View/Edit Menu.


          AUTOEXEC.BAT
          AUTOEXEC.BAT
          AUTOEXEC.BAT

               AUTOEXEC.BAT file contains the DOS  commands
          Your                                              that tell your
          computer how  to  set  itself up,  just  before  you  take  over.
          AUTOEXEC.BAT often contains commands to run other programs  (such
          as Safety Disk), which may perform an operation on your system or
          even install a service or program in memory.

          Safety Disk not only allows you to view information (size,  date,
          time, and CRC) about your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, but also it  enables
          you to view, browse, or edit its contents.

          If something happens to  your AUTOEXEC.BAT file,  you may not  be
          able to boot your computer normally. Safety Disk will have a copy
                  AUTOEXEC.BAT file which it can restore to your hard disk
          of your 
          when required.

          If you select AUTOEXEC.BAT from the  View/Edit Menu, choose from
          the following options:


          Info (on AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          Info (on AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          Info (on AUTOEXEC.BAT)

          When you  select  this option,  Safety  Disk shows  you  detailed
          information about your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Safety Disk keeps track
          of the size (in  bytes) of your  file, the date  and time it  was
          last modified, and the CRC value Safety Disk has computed for it.


          View (AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          View (AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          View (AUTOEXEC.BAT)

          This option allows you to view the contents of your  AUTOEXEC.BAT
          file. If you're curious, select this option and take a look. View
          does not allow you to modify AUTOEXEC.BAT.


          Edit (AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          Edit (AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          Edit (AUTOEXEC.BAT)

          This option allows you to edit the contents of your  AUTOEXEC.BAT
          file. Use this option with caution! You could easily change  your
            Safety Disk
          16



                                                           Manual Operation

          system's bootup configuration  and disable some  of the  system's
          hardware or software features.

          After  you've  edited   and  saved   AUTOEXEC.BAT,  Safety   Disk
          automatically updates the information about it. If you ever  need
          the previous version, you can view AUTOEXEC.BAK.


          Exit (from AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          Exit (from AUTOEXEC.BAT)
          Exit (from AUTOEXEC.BAT)

          Selecting this option returns you to the View/Edit Menu.


          Exit View/Edit
          Exit View/Edit
          Exit View/Edit

          Selecting this option returns you to the Safety Disk Main Menu.


          Test/Repair
          Test/Repair
          Test/Repair

          Choosing Test/Repair initiates comprehensive tests on your system
          areas and  files to  make sure  they have  not been  altered.  If
          Safety Disk finds  a problem, it  alerts you and  then helps  you
          decide what to  do about  it. Safety  Disk can  fix the  problem,
          ignore it, update  its records and  backups, give  you advice  on
          what to do, or show you  detailed information about why the  test
          failed. This option  provides the same  functionality as  running
          SAFEDISK /C
          SAFEDISK /C
          SAFEDISK /C from the command  line. If any of  the tests finds a
          problem with your system, refer to Chapter 5, When a Test Fails.



























            Safety Disk                                                  17






                                      Configure
                                      Configure
                                      Configure


          Choosing Configure shows you a screen that  allows you to change
          the  way  Safety   Disk  works.   There  are   a  few   different
          configuration screens  that  allow  you  to  change  the  various
          operating parameters of Safety Disk.

               Configuration  Menu
               Configuration  Menu
               Configuration  Menu
               General Options               General operation options
               Checkup Options               Configure    the     different
               checkup tests
               Read Only File Options             Configure  the  Read-Only
               file status
               Advanced Options              Setup   the   Advanced    CMOS
               Options
                    
               Exit                          Return to Main Menu


          General Configuration Options
          General Configuration Options
          General Configuration Options


          Default Floppy To Save To
          Default Floppy To Save To
          Default Floppy To Save To

          This configuration option allows you to specify the floppy  drive
          when you create a new Safety  Disk Recovery Diskette or when you
          update your Recovery Diskette. Just press the letter of the drive
          you want, and the cursor advances to the next field.


          Disk & Directory Where Safety Disk Is Installed
          Disk & Directory Where Safety Disk Is Installed
          Disk & Directory Where Safety Disk Is Installed

          This configuration option allows you to tell Safety Disk where to
          find its backup files and  other Safety  Disk  information.  This
          option is  configured when  you install  Safety Disk  and  should
          never require modification. If  you do change the  Disk/Directory
          to something else,  Safety Disk may  not be able  to find  backup
          files.


          Use Color
          Use Color
          Use Color

          This configuration option allows you to tell Safety Disk  whether
          or not to use color. If you change  this option to No,  you must
          exit the program and restart it for the change to occur.   Safety
          Disk attempts to  detect the  video type  at startup  but can  be
          fooled by some systems, e.g. laptops with greyscale VGA displays.
          Since the colors won't display correctly on a greyscale  display,
          you would want to force color mode off with this options.


          Always Prompt Before Restoring
          Always Prompt Before Restoring
          Always Prompt Before Restoring

          This configuration option allows you to  tell Safety Disk to  not
          worry about keeping the Recovery Diskette current.  Generally you
          Safety Disk                                                    18



                                                                  Configure

          will always want to make sure that your Recovery Diskette is kept
          current with the  backup information  stored on  your hard  disk.
          Whenever backup information is updated  on your hard disk  Safety
          Disk will prompt you asking if you would also like to update  the
          Recovery Diskette.   By disabling this  option the  only way  the
          Recovery Diskette is updated is if you run the manual mode backup
          to the Recovery Diskette.  The default value is YES.


          Beep When Tests Fail
          Beep When Tests Fail
          Beep When Tests Fail

          This configuration option  allows you to  specify whether  Safety
          Disk should beep when  a test fails. It  is useful when you  boot
          up, because normally  Safety Disk checks  from your  AUTOEXEC.BAT
          file. If you turn  on your computer and  then hear Safety  Disk's
          distinctive triple beep,  you will know  a test  failed and  your
              up sequence will be stopped.
          boot

          This option is set  during program installation  to a default  of
          Yes, beeping when a test fails.


          Checkup Configuration Options
          Checkup Configuration Options
          Checkup Configuration Options

          These are the options that configure the way Safety Disk performs
          its  checkup  tests.    When   you  are  finished  changing   the
          configuration information,  press  [F10] to  save  the  options.
                   [ESC]
          Pressing       aborts any changes you  have made, without saving
          them.


          Delay (in seconds) After Tests Complete
          Delay (in seconds) After Tests Complete
          Delay (in seconds) After Tests Complete

          Normally Safety Disk will wait  after completing a checkup before
          clearing the screen.  This allows  you to view the tests and  see
          that they all passed.  If you  do not want the display to  paused
          for any  time after  a test  is complete  than you  may set  this
          option to 0.  The default delay is 2 seconds.


          Frequency To Perform Checkup
          Frequency To Perform Checkup
          Frequency To Perform Checkup

          Many users find that  they will reboot a  number of times  during
          any given day and the added few seconds that Safety Disk requires
          to perform a checkup would like  to be bypassed.  You can  bypass
          the checkup  test by  holding down  the [CTRL][ALT][LSHIFT]  keys
          before Safety Disk loads.   This will  always bypass any  checkup
          that Safety Disk performs  no matter how it  is configured.   The
          frequency option allows you to change how often Safety Disk tests
          your system.   You can  have it test  on every  bootup, daily  or
          weekly.  Use the [SPACEBAR] to toggle these options.  The default
          is to ALWAYS test.


          Test CMOS RAM during Checkup?
          Test CMOS RAM during Checkup?
          Test CMOS RAM during Checkup?

            Safety Disk                                                  19



                                                                  Configure

          Enable or disable the  CMOS RAM test.   The default is `Y',  test
          enabled.


          Enable Advanced CMOS RAM Testing?
          Enable Advanced CMOS RAM Testing?
          Enable Advanced CMOS RAM Testing?

          Enable or disable the Advanced CMOS RAM test.  In rare instances,
          Safety Disk will  ______
                            always report the  Advanced CMOS  RAM as being

          modified.  If this occurs you will wish to turn this test off  to
          avoid false alarms.  The default is test enabled.


          Test Partition Table during Checkup?
          Test Partition Table during Checkup?
          Test Partition Table during Checkup?

          Enable or disable the Partition Table test.  If you have a  dual-
          boot system,  such as  DOS-OS/2, switching  the active  partition
          (changing which system boots up) will cause this test to fail.


          Test Boot Sector during Checkup?
          Test Boot Sector during Checkup?
          Test Boot Sector during Checkup?

          Enable or disable  the boot sector  test.   Some advanced  BIOSes
          include a virus prevention feature that alerts the user when  the
          boot sector is being accessed.  This would be a great feature  if
          the alert only occurred only  on write attempts.   Unfortunately,
          some BIOSes also initiate the alert  on a read attempt.  On  this
          type of system Safety Disk's test will active the BIOS alert.  If
          you have this type of BIOS you can either turn of the feature  in
          the BIOS or disable Safety Disk's boot sector test.  The  default
          is test enabled.


          Test CONFIG.SYS during Checkup?
          Test CONFIG.SYS during Checkup?
          Test CONFIG.SYS during Checkup?

          If you constantly  change your  CONFIG.SYS and  don't use  Safety
          Disk's built in editor, Safety Disk  will complain the file  does
          not match   the backup.   Some  programs such  as MultiBoot  keep
          different copies of CONFIG.SYS and allow  the user  change  which
          one to  use  during bootup.    This  will cause  Safety  Disk  to
          complain.  The default is test enabled.


          Test AUTOEXEC.BAT during Checkup?
          Test AUTOEXEC.BAT during Checkup?
          Test AUTOEXEC.BAT during Checkup?

          If you constantly change your  AUTOEXEC.BAT and don't use  Safety
          Disk's built in editor, Safety Disk  will complain the file  does
          not match   the backup.   Some  programs such  as MultiBoot  keep
          different copies of AUTOEXEC.BAT and allow the user  change which
          one to  use  during bootup.    This  will cause  Safety  Disk  to
          complain.  The default is test enabled.





          20Safety Disk



                                                                  Configure

          Read Only Configuration Options
          Read Only Configuration Options
          Read Only Configuration Options

          This configuration option allows you to tell Safety Disk  whether
          or not to set Read-Only attributes on your files.

                    Make Safety Disk files read only?       Y
                    Make the Command interpreter read only?      Y
                    Make CONFIG.SYS read only?              Y
                    Make AUTOEXEC.BAT read only?            Y

          In addition, Safety  Disk always checks  that the attributes  for
          the System files (IO.SYS and MSDOS.SYS) are correctly set to Read
          Only, Hidden, and  System. Safety  Disk always  checks to  ensure
          these files are properly  set, but you don't  have the option  of
          removing these attributes from within Safety Disk.

          Under normal circumstances,  the files Safety  Disk sets to  Read
          Only shouldn't be modified by other programs. If another  program
          attempts to modify your files and fails, you can use Safety  Disk
          to turn off the  Read-Only attributes. Run  SAFEDISK /U from  the
          Safety Disk directory, and  it temporarily removes the  Read-Only
          attributes from  these  files.  Note:  Remember  to  reset  these
          attributes when you are done modifying these files, so that  they
          are not inadvertently changed or deleted by some other program.


          Advanced Configuration Options
          Advanced Configuration Options
          Advanced Configuration Options

          This option  allows you  to change  your CMOS  RAM chip  settling
          delay.  Normally when reading information from the I/O port  that
          stores the CMOS RAM values you have to delay in between reads  so
          that the next read can properly  retrieve data from the CMOS  RAM
          chip.  In some  cases if you are  having trouble with the  normal
          CMOS RAM failing then try increasing this delay.

                    CMOS RAM Chip Settling Delay (in milliseconds): 5

          Exit
          Exit
          Exit

          When you select Exit, Safety Disk offers you one  last chance to
          stay in Safety Disk before returning to MS-DOS, or you can choose
          to reboot your system.














            Safety Disk                                                  21






                                  When a Test Fails
                                  When a Test Fails
                                  When a Test Fails


          When you  run CHECKUP
                        CHECKUP
                        CHECKUP,  RECOVER
                                  RECOVER
                                  RECOVER, SAFEDISK
                                           SAFEDISK
                                           SAFEDISK    or  the Test/Repair
                                                    /C
                                                    /C
                                                    /C
          option from the manual mode of  Safety Disk, tests are  performed
          to verify that the backups Safety Disk has made of your  system's
          vital information match the  information currently stored in  the
          machine. If a  discrepancy is found  between the  backup and  the
          current values, Safety Disk warns you of the difference and gives
          you a list of actions you  can take to investigate and solve  the
          problem.

          It is possible, when multiple problems occur, for Safety Disk  to
          reboot the system several times.  This happens because it may not
          be safe or even possible to  continue until the corrections  have
          been recognized by  the operating system.   For  example, if  the
          CMOS RAM information is corrupted the system is unable to discern
          the hard-drive types.   After the  CMOS information is  restored,
          probably from the  RECOVER
                             RECOVER
                             RECOVER program, the  computer must reboot  to
           log
          ``  '' the corrected information.  After which the test sequence
          is continued, possibly finding additional problems.


          Restore Original Copy
          Restore Original Copy
          Restore Original Copy

          When you select this option, Safety  Disk restores a backup  copy
          of  your  information.   This  replaces   the  currently   stored
          information with the copy Safety Disk previously backed up.  Once
          the information is restored, Safety Disk will need to reboot your
          system.


          Caution on Restoring Files!
          Caution on Restoring Files!
          Caution on Restoring Files!

          Safety Disk is designed to help you through catastrophic problems
          with your system. It is capable of quickly restoring data to your
          system and getting you back to normal. Safety Disk always prompts
          you before restoring anything to your system. You must be careful
          not to restore data unless Safety Disk says it's necessary. Note:
          Restoring data to your disk should be a last resort.

          Most of your system information should not change from day-to-day
          use. The  exception  is  when the  installation  or  updating  of
          applications may require a  modification to your AUTOEXEC.BAT or
          CONFIG.SYS  files.  If   you  have  recently   installed  a   new
          application or update, or have purposefully modified these files,
          do not use  the Restore Original  option, because  it will  erase
          changes by overwriting them with the backup copy of the file.


          Ignore Problem
          Ignore Problem
          Ignore Problem

          When you select this option, Safety  Disk doesn't attempt to  fix
          the problem it just detected. Safety Disk will just continue with
          its testing. Remember that if there were not a problem somewhere,
          Safety Disk                                                    22



                                                          When a Test Fails

          this test wouldn't be failing. You  need to either update  Safety
          Disk's information about this file (see Update Backup) or restore
          the Safety Disk's backup.


          Update Backup
          Update Backup
          Update Backup

          When you select this option, Safety  Disk updates its records  to
          reflect information about  this part of  your system. You  should
          select this option only  if you're sure this  part of the  system
          was intentionally changed without Safety Disk's knowledge.


          Test Failure Details
          Test Failure Details
          Test Failure Details

          When you select this  option, Safety Disk  tells you which  tests
          failed on this part  of your system. Safety  Disk also shows  you
          both actual  and  expected  size,  date,  time,  and  CRC  values
          associated with this part of your  system. Along with the  Advice
          option, this can help you determine what to do about the problem.


          Advice on Fixing the Problem
          Advice on Fixing the Problem
          Advice on Fixing the Problem

          When you  select this  option, Safety  Disk offers  you  detailed
          advice  on  correcting  the   problem.  Safety  Disk  gives   you
          information about the failure,  what this information means,  and
          what you should do next. For specific details about the  failure,
          select the Details option. For a description of this option,  see
          "Test Failure Details" at the end of this chapter.

          After reading the advice  Safety Disk gives  you, press [ESC] to
          exit the advice screen and proceed with choosing a solution.


          CMOS Test Failure
          CMOS Test Failure
          CMOS Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened? Your CMOS RAM failed one or more of Safety Disk's
          test.

          What should you do?
          What should you do?
          What should you do?  Safety Disk will recommend  that you let it
                  the copy of your 
          restore                  CMOS RAM it saved previously. If you've
          made a change to your system configuration that required you  to
          change your CMOS RAM, select Update so Safety Disk can update its
          backup information.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk compares the contents of your CMOS  RAM
          with information saved about your CMOS RAM. When this test fails,
          it means one of two things:

                You've intentionally or  unintentionally modified the  CMOS
             1. 
                RAM, and Safety  Disk has not  had a chance  to update  its
                backup  information.  An  intentional  modification   would
                occur, for  example, when  you add  a second  hard disk  or
                floppy drive  and  modify  the  CMOS  RAM  accordingly.  An
                unintentional modification could happen if the battery that
            Safety Disk                                                  23



                                                          When a Test Fails

                maintains the memory in your CMOS RAM failed or you  zapped
                the contents of your CMOS RAM.

             2. Your CMOS RAM  was changed by  someone else  or by  another
                program. This  is  exactly why  you  have Safety  Disk:  it
                alerts you that the CMOS RAM contents have changed, and you
                might not want them changed.


          Advanced CMOS Test Failure
          Advanced CMOS Test Failure
          Advanced CMOS Test Failure

          If you continue to  get an Advanced CMOS  test failure each  time
          Safety Disk  runs a  checkup then  it is  most likely  that  your
          machine does not have  Advanced CMOS RAM.   In this case,  simply
          disable the Advanced CMOS RAM Test.


          Partition Table Test Failure
          Partition Table Test Failure
          Partition Table Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?  Your hard disk's  primary Partition Table failed
          Safety Disk's test.

          What should you do?
          What should you do?
          What should you do?  Safety Disk will recommend that you replace
          the contents of your primary Partition Table with the image of it
          previously saved in the backup. In the unlikely event  that your
          Partition Table was intentionally changed, and Safety Disk didn't
          get a  chance  to update  the  backup files,  you  should  select
          update. This means Safety  Disk can get  its information on  your
          disk's Partition Table in sync with your Recovery Diskette.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk compares  the current contents of  your
          disk's primary Partition Table with information saved previously.
          It is  very rare  for the  contents of  your Partition  Table  to
          change. Unless  you've  installed a  new  version of  MS-DOS, or
          intentionally made  some  other  change, it's  very  likely  that
          someone or  some program  may be  tampering with  your disk.  For
          instance,  many  computer  viruses  attack  the  Partition  Table
          because it's such a critical part of your system. If you know  of
          no reason for the  Partition Table to  have changed, Safety  Disk
          strongly recommends that you allow it to restore a version which
          was previously saved in the backup.


          Boot Sector Test Failure
          Boot Sector Test Failure
          Boot Sector Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?  Your hard disk's Boot Sector failed Safety Disk's
          test.

          What should you do?
          What should you do?
          What should you do?  Safety Disk will recommend that you replace
          the contents of your Boot Sector with the image of it  previously
          saved in the backup. In the unlikely event that your Boot Sector
          was intentionally changed, and Safety Disk didn't get a chance to
          update the backup  files, you  should select  update. This  means
          Safety Disk can get its information on your disk's Boot Sector in
          sync with your disk.

            Safety Disk
          24



                                                          When a Test Fails

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk compares  the current contents of  your
          disk's Boot Sector with information saved previously. It is  very
          rare for  the contents  of your  Boot  Sector to  change.  Unless
          you've installed a new version  of MS-DOS, or intentionally made
          some other change, it's very likely that someone or some  program
          may be  tampering with  your disk.  For instance,  many  computer
          viruses attack the Boot Sector because it's such a critical  part
          of your system. If you know of  no reason for the Boot Sector  to
          have changed, Safety Disk strongly  recommends that you allow  it
          to restore a version previously saved in the backup.


          IO.SYS Test Failure
          IO.SYS Test Failure
          IO.SYS Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?  Your IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM) file failed one or more
          of the tests Safety Disk performed on it.

          What should you do?
          What should you do?
          What should you do?  Due to the critical nature of this file, you
          must restore it by booting up your computer from the Safety Disk
          Recovery Diskette.  When  your  Recovery  Diskette  was  created,
          Safety Disk put all of its  files on the Recovery Diskette.  This
          diskette has  the  IO.SYS (or  IBMBIO.COM)  file on  it  and  can
          restore the file directly from the floppy.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk makes comprehensive comparisons of  the
          physical size  (number of  bytes), date,  time, and  CRC of  your
          system's IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM) file. To see the detailed results of
          these tests, select Details from this dialog box. When any of the
          size, date, time,  or CRC comparison  tests fail,  it means  your
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM) file  has been  changed since  the last  time
          Safety Disk backed it up. This  file should never change  (unless
          you've installed a  new version  of DOS).  We strongly  recommend
          that you  boot up  your Safety  Disk  Recovery Diskette  and  let
          Safety Disk restore this file.


          MSDOS.SYS Test Failure
          MSDOS.SYS Test Failure
          MSDOS.SYS Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?  Your  MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM) file  failed one or
          more of the tests Safety Disk performed on it.

          What should you do?
          What should you do?
          What should you do?  Due to the critical nature of this file, you
          must restore it by booting up your computer from the Safety Disk
          Recovery Diskette. When Safety Disk made your Recovery  Diskette,
          it put  all  its files  on  a  bootable floppy  disk.  This  disk
          includes  the  MSDOS.SYS  (IBMDOS.COM)  file.  Safety  Disk  will
          restore the file directly from the floppy.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk makes comprehensive comparisons of  the
          physical size  (number of  bytes), date,  time, and  CRC of  your
          system's MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM) file. To see the detailed results
          of these tests, select Details from this dialog box. When any  of
          the size, date, time, or CRC comparison tests fail, it means your
          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM) file has been changed since the last  time
          Safety Disk backed it up. This  file should never change  (unless
          you've installed a  new version  of DOS).  We strongly  recommend
            Safety Disk                                                  25



                                                          When a Test Fails

          that you  boot up  your Recovery  Diskette  and let  Safety  Disk
          restore this file.


          COMMAND.COM Test Failure
          COMMAND.COM Test Failure
          COMMAND.COM Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?   Your  COMMAND.COM file  failed one  or  more of
          Safety Disk's tests.

          What should  you do?
          What should  you do?
          What should  you do?   We recommend  that  you let  Safety  Disk
          replace your COMMAND.COM file with the copy saved during backup.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk makes comprehensive comparisons of  the
          physical size (number of bytes), the date, the time, and the  CRC
          of the COMMAND.COM  file. To see  the detailed  results of  these
          tests, select Details from this dialog box. When any of the size,
          date,  time,  or  CRC  comparison  tests  fail,  it  means   your
          COMMAND.COM file has been changed since the last time Safety Disk
          backed it  up.  This  file should  never  change  (unless  you've
          installed a new version of DOS).  We strongly recommend that  you
          let Safety Disk restore this file.


          CONFIG.SYS Test Failure
          CONFIG.SYS Test Failure
          CONFIG.SYS Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?  Your CONFIG.SYS file failed one or more of Safety
          Disk's tests.

          What should you do?
          What should you do?
          What should you do?  Safety Disk will recommend  that you let it
          replace your CONFIG.SYS file with the  copy it saved. If you  are
          sure the information Safety Disk has is incorrect, select Update.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk makes comprehensive comparisons of  the
          physical size (number of bytes), the date, the time, and the  CRC
          of the  CONFIG.SYS file.  To see  the detailed  results of  these
          tests, select Details from this dialog box. When any of the size,
          date,  time,  or  CRC  comparison  tests  fail,  it  means   your
          CONFIG.SYS file has been changed since the last time Safety  Disk
          backed it up (or  we edited the file  inside Safety Disk).  Since
          you and Safety  Disk have  taken measures  to prevent  CONFIG.SYS
          from being modified  without us  knowing about  it, this  failure
          isn't a good sign.


          AUTOEXEC.BAT Test Failure
          AUTOEXEC.BAT Test Failure
          AUTOEXEC.BAT Test Failure

          What happened?
          What happened?
          What happened?   Your  AUTOEXEC.BAT file  failed one  or more  of
          Safety Disk's tests.

          What should  you do?
          What should  you do?
          What should  you do?   We recommend  that  you let  Safety  Disk
          replace your AUTOEXEC.BAT file with the copy saved during backup.
          If you are sure the information Safety Disk has is incorrect, you
          should select Update.

          Explanation.
          Explanation.
          Explanation.  Safety Disk makes comprehensive comparisons of  the
          physical size (number of bytes), the date, the time, and the  CRC
          26Safety Disk



                                                          When a Test Fails

          of the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.  To see the  detailed results of  these
          tests, select Details from this dialog box. When any of the size,
          date,  time,  or  CRC  comparison  tests  fail,  it  means   your
          AUTOEXEC.BAT file has  been changed  since the  last time  Safety
          Disk backed it  up (or we  edited the file  inside Safety  Disk).
          Since  you  and  Safety  Disk  have  taken  measures  to  prevent
          AUTOEXEC.BAT from  being modified  without us  knowing about  it,
          this failure isn't a good sign.
















































            Safety Disk                                                  27






                                 Maintanence Minder
                                 Maintanence Minder
                                 Maintanence Minder


          The Maintanence  Minder portion  of Safety  Disk is  designed  to
          remind you when important, though infrequent chores must be  done
          on your computer.


          Drive Options
          Drive Options
          Drive Options

          Selects which drives should  be checked.  Use  the arrow keys  or
          mouse to highlight a  drive letter (if there  are more than  one)
          and press  enter to  toggle  the check  mark.   You  may  disable
          Maintanence Minder entirely by not  selecting any drives.   Press
          [ESC] to cancel your changes or  [F10] to accept and exit to  the
          previous menu.  The default is to check all drives.


          Fragmentation Options
          Fragmentation Options
          Fragmentation Options

          Over time your files will become fragmented, that is, portions of
          files become  spread over  the entire  drive instead  of  grouped
          together.  This  greatly reduces  disk performance  and makes  it
          more difficult  to undelete  files.   Programs such  as  Norton's
          SpeedDisk will optimize your hard drive by sorting the files into
          groups.  Use this menu to  select when you should be reminded  to
          optimize your hard drives.

          The reminder can be actived by two tests:


          Percentage of files
          Percentage of files
          Percentage of files

          Activate reminder when the precentage of fragmented files  equals
          or exceeds the specified value.  The default is 25% and  enabled.
          This test can be disabled be setting  Use This Test
                                               ``               to (N)o.
                                                             ''


          Percentage of total disk space
          Percentage of total disk space
          Percentage of total disk space

          Activate reminder when the percentage of total disk space that is
          fragmented equals or exceeds the specified value.  The default is
          10% and test enabled.  This test can be disabled be setting ``Use
                   ''
          This Test      N)o.
                     to (

          Setting both  tests  to  (N)o  will  disable  this  test  without
          affecting other Maintanence Minder features.


          Backup Options
          Backup Options
          Backup Options

          Regular backups are a vital part of safe computing.  It is not  a
          question of will your system crash, it is a question of when  and


          Safety Disk                                                    28



                                                         Maintanence Minder

          how bad.  Since  Safety Disk only  recovers vital systems  files,
              ____
              must make regular backups unless you wish to court disaster.
          you 


          Each file has a set of attributes associated with it to  indicate
          status such as hidden, read-only, and  archive.  This last  item,
          archive, indicates the file has been modified or is new.   Backup
          software automatically clears  this status  information for  each
          file that is backed  up.  Maintanence  Minder takes advantage  of
          this status information  to help remind  you when it  is time  to
          make a backup.

          There are three tests  for a backup reminder.   Each test can  be
          disabled by setting the   Use This Test
                                   ``                option to  (N)o.  The
                                                  ''
          default is all tests enabled.  Setting all three to (N)o disables
          this feature without affecting other Maintanence Minder options.


          Percentage of files
          Percentage of files
          Percentage of files

          Activate the  backup reminder  when the  specified percentage  of
          files have not been backed up.  The default is 25% of files.


          Percentage of total disk space
          Percentage of total disk space
          Percentage of total disk space

          Activate the backup reminder when the specified percentage of the
          total hard drive has not been backed up.  The default is 25%.


          Megabytes of data
          Megabytes of data
          Megabytes of data

          Activate  the  backup  reminder  when  the  specified  number  of
          megabytes (MB) have not been backed up.  The default is 10MB.


          Free Space Options
          Free Space Options
          Free Space Options

          Over time hard drives become full.  The saying is, data grows  to
          fill all available drive space.  It can be an unpleasant surprise
          to spend hours on a project, go to save it, and be given a ``disk
          full  error message.  Some programs can be downright  rude about
              ''
          full disks, dumping you to the DOS prompt or locking up entirely,
          losing your hard work in the process.

          You can  avoid this  by occassionally  doing a  little   spring
                                                                 ``      ''
          cleaning, moving obsolete, duplicate, and unused files to disk or
          tape and  deleting them  from the  hard drive.   To  help  locate
          duplicate files,  CleanUp
                            CleanUp
                            CleanUp  and  CleanUp For  Windows
                                          CleanUp For  Windows
                                          CleanUp For  Windows are  highly
          recommended.   In  addition,  the  program  Tidy
                                                      Tidy
                                                      Tidy is  useful  for
          locating and  deleting unnecessary  files,  i.e. files  with  the
          extension of .BAK and zero length files.

          Two low disk space tests are  available.  Both tests are  enabled
          by default and may be  disabled by setting the   Use This Test
                                                          ``             ''
          option to (N)o.  Note, some programs, such as Microsoft  Windows,
            Safety Disk                                                  29



                                                         Maintanence Minder

          may use large amounts of temporary disk space.  Thus, even though
          Maintanence Minder  may  think  there is  plenty  of  disk  space
          available, in reality you may have  far less space to work  with.
          This is especially true  if you use  Windows temporary swap  file
          option.


          Percentage of entire disk
          Percentage of entire disk
          Percentage of entire disk

          Activate low space warning when the percentage of available  disk
          space failes below the specified amount.  The default is 20%.


          Megabytes of disk space
          Megabytes of disk space
          Megabytes of disk space

          Activate  the  low  space  warning  when  the  number  of  unused
          megabytes falls below the specified amount.  The default is 5MB.


          Cleaning Options
          Cleaning Options
          Cleaning Options

          When was the last time you used a floppy drive head cleaning kit?
          When was the last  time you opened up  your computer and  cleaned
          out the accumulated dust?  The usual answer is   Never
                                                         ``       for both
                                                                ''
          questions.   It  doesn't  seem like  much  but  if  ignored,  not
          cleaning could result in system failures.

          Over time the heads  of the floppy drives,  that's the part  that
          reads and writes data  on disks, will  become dirty.   Eventually
          the drive  will have  difficulty reading  or  writing disks.    A
          common symptom is a freshly formated  disk that fails.   Cleaning
          the floppy heads a few times a year prevents this problem.

          Cleaning the inside of a system  is never thought of.  Yet,  over
          time, dust  will accumulate,  and the  danger isn't  simply  your
          mother complaining about  your housekeeping  skills.   Eventually
          this dust  will  reduce  the efficiency  of  the  power  supply's
          cooling fan, endangering the entire  system.  This is  especially
          dangerous with  today's hot  running  overdrive 486  and  Pentium
          processors.


          Remind user every n months when floppy drive should be cleaned
          Remind user every n months when floppy drive should be cleaned
          Remind user every n months when floppy drive should be cleaned

          How often should  you be told  to clean your  floppy heads.   The
          default  is  every  six  (6)  months.    In  a  dusty  or  smokey
          environment it should be every three (3) months.  Set this  field
          to zero (0) to disable this feature.


          Offer to clean drive when cleanning is needed?
          Offer to clean drive when cleanning is needed?
          Offer to clean drive when cleanning is needed?

          Enabling this option  to have Maintanence  Minder offer to  clean
          the drive.   Unfortunately, it doesn't  actually do the  cleaning
          without your help.  When enabled, you will be prompted to  insert
          the cleaning disk (follow manufacture's instructions on using the
          30Safety Disk



                                                         Maintanence Minder

          cleaning disk and  cleaning fluid).   Once the  disk is  inserted
          Maintanence Minder  will  move  the drive  head  over  the  disk,
          ensuring the even  wear of the  cleaning disk.   This setting  is
          ignored if the remind interval is 0.


          Clean Drive A:/B:
          Clean Drive A:/B:
          Clean Drive A:/B:

          Selects which  drives will  be cleaned  if  the _____
                                                          Offer option  is

          enabled.  The default  is `N' for both  drives.  This setting  is
          ignored if the _____
                         Offer option is disabled or the remind interval is

          0.


          Floppy Cleaning Passes
          Floppy Cleaning Passes
          Floppy Cleaning Passes

          Sets the number  of times the  floppy heads are  passed over  the
          cleaning disk.  The default is  10, though this number should  be
          set to match any instructions included with the cleaning kit.


          Remind user every n months when system should be cleaned
          Remind user every n months when system should be cleaned
          Remind user every n months when system should be cleaned

          About every six months  you should open up  your system case  and
          clean out the  dust, especially any  that has accumulated  around
          the power supply  fan.  If  you add new  hardware to your  system
          every few months then you don't need this reminder - if you  dust
          out your system each  time it is  open.  The  default is six  (6)
          months, in a dusty or smokey environment reduce this to three (3)
          months.  A setting of zero (0) months disables this option.


          Exit
          Exit
          Exit

          Returns to the main configuration menu.



















            Safety Disk                                                  31






                             Built-In Text Editor/Viewer
                             Built-In Text Editor/Viewer
                             Built-In Text Editor/Viewer


          One of the  built-in features of  Safety Disk is  the ability  to
          view or edit your AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files. This editor
          contains features found in most full blown text editors.

          Below is a summary of the  commands available to you for  editing
          or viewing a file. If there is more than one possible combination
          of keystroke to activate a feature, they are separated by  commas
          in the following lists. The Click action refers to your mouse, if
          applicable.


          General
          General
          General


            [CtrlBreak], [Esc], [ClickRight]
            [CtrlBreak], [Esc], [ClickRight]
            [CtrlBreak], [Esc], [ClickRight]
               Quit viewing.

            [F1], [ClickBoth]
            [F1], [ClickBoth]
            [F1], [ClickBoth]
               Bring up this Help screen.

            [ClickLeft]
            [ClickLeft]
            [ClickLeft]
               Clicking on the scroll bar at  the right of the window  lets
               you control your  location in  the file.  Clicking the  left
               button on a specific location in  the file moves the  cursor
               to that location.

          Cursor Movement
          Cursor Movement
          Cursor Movement


            [Left], [CtrlS]
            [Left], [CtrlS]
            [Left], [CtrlS]
               Scroll window left 1 column.

            [Right], [CtrlD]
            [Right], [CtrlD]
            [Right], [CtrlD]
               Scroll window right 1 column.

            [CtrlLeft], [CtrlA]
            [CtrlLeft], [CtrlA]
            [CtrlLeft], [CtrlA]
               Scroll window left 10 columns.

            [CtrlRight], [CtrlF]
            [CtrlRight], [CtrlF]
            [CtrlRight], [CtrlF]
               Scroll window right 10 columns.

            [Home], [CtrlQ][S]
            [Home], [CtrlQ][S]
            [Home], [CtrlQ][S]
               Scroll window to column 1.

            [End], [CtrlQ][D]
            [End], [CtrlQ][D]
            [End], [CtrlQ][D]
               Scroll window to leftmost column, so the end of the  longest
               line on the screen is displayed.

            [Up], [CtrlE], [CtrlW]
            [Up], [CtrlE], [CtrlW]
            [Up], [CtrlE], [CtrlW]
               Scroll window up one line.


          Safety Disk                                                    32



                                                         Maintanence Minder

            [Down], [CtrlX], [CtrlZ]
            [Down], [CtrlX], [CtrlZ]
            [Down], [CtrlX], [CtrlZ]
               Scroll window down one line.

            [PgUp], [CtrlR]
            [PgUp], [CtrlR]
            [PgUp], [CtrlR]
               Scroll window up one page.

            [PgDn], [CtrlC]
            [PgDn], [CtrlC]
            [PgDn], [CtrlC]
               Scroll window down one page.

            [CtrlPgUp], [CtrlQ][R]
            [CtrlPgUp], [CtrlQ][R]
            [CtrlPgUp], [CtrlQ][R]
               Scroll to beginning of file.

            [CtrlPgDn], [CtrlQ][C]
            [CtrlPgDn], [CtrlQ][C]
            [CtrlPgDn], [CtrlQ][C]
               Scroll to end of file.

          Block Commands
          Block Commands
          Block Commands


            [F7], [CtrlK][B]
            [F7], [CtrlK][B]
            [F7], [CtrlK][B]
               Marks the line at the  top of the window  as the start of  a
               block.

            [F8], [CtrlK][K]
            [F8], [CtrlK][K]
            [F8], [CtrlK][K]
               Marks the line  at the top  of the window  as the  end of  a
               block.

            [CtrlB][K]
            [CtrlB][K]
            [CtrlB][K]
               Marks the line at the bottom of  the window as the end of  a
               block.

            [CtrlK][H]
            [CtrlK][H]
            [CtrlK][H]
               Toggle the display of marked blocks.

          Insertion and Deletion
          Insertion and Deletion
          Insertion and Deletion


            [Del], [CtrlG]
            [Del], [CtrlG]
            [Del], [CtrlG]
               Delete character at cursor.

            [Bksp], [CtrlH], [CtrlBksp]
            [Bksp], [CtrlH], [CtrlBksp]
            [Bksp], [CtrlH], [CtrlBksp]
               Delete character to left of cursor. If the cursor is at  the
               beginning of a line,  the line is  joined with the  previous
               line.

            [CtrlY]
            [CtrlY]
            [CtrlY]
               Delete current line.

            [CtrlQ][Y]
            [CtrlQ][Y]
            [CtrlQ][Y]
               Delete from cursor to end of line.

            [CtrlT]
            [CtrlT]
            [CtrlT]
               Delete word to right of cursor. If the cursor is at end of a
               line, the following line is joined with the current line.

            [Enter], [CtrlM]
            [Enter], [CtrlM]
            [Enter], [CtrlM]
               Start a new line.
            Safety Disk                                                  33



                                                         Maintanence Minder

            [CtrlN]
            [CtrlN]
            [CtrlN]
               Insert a new line at the position of the cursor.

            [Tab], [CtrlI]
            [Tab], [CtrlI]
            [Tab], [CtrlI]
               Move the cursor to the next tab stop. If insert mode is  on,
               any text to the right of the cursor is moved to the right of
               the tab stop.

            [CtrlP]
            [CtrlP]
            [CtrlP]
               Insert control character. For example,  to insert a ^G,  you
               would enter [CtrlP][CtrlG].

          Mode Toggles
          Mode Toggles
          Mode Toggles


            [Ins], [CtrlV]
            [Ins], [CtrlV]
            [Ins], [CtrlV]
               Toggle insert mode on and off. A fat cursor indicates insert
               mode; a thin cursor indicates overtype mode.

            [CtrlO][I]
            [CtrlO][I]
            [CtrlO][I]
               Toggle auto-indent  mode on  or  off. In  auto-indent  mode,
               pressing [Enter] while  in insert mode  causes the new  line
               inserted to have the same indentation level as the  previous
               line.

            [CtrlO][W]
            [CtrlO][W]
            [CtrlO][W]
               Toggle word  wrap on  and off.  When word  wrap is  on,  any
               attempt to insert  or append  text beyond  the right  margin
               causes a new line to be inserted following the current  line
               and all words that are at  least partially beyond the  right
               margin to be moved to the new line.

          Text Formatting
          Text Formatting
          Text Formatting


            [CtrlB]
            [CtrlB]
            [CtrlB]
               Reformat the current paragraph. Note that this command  does
               nothing if word wrap is off.

            [CtrlK][G]
            [CtrlK][G]
            [CtrlK][G]
               Reformat the entire text buffer (Global reformat). Note that
               this command  does nothing  if word  wrap is  off. Use  this
               command with caution!













          34Safety Disk






                                  Safety Disk Files
                                  Safety Disk Files
                                  Safety Disk Files


          Below is a list of files that are part of the Safety Disk System:

          Included on the Program Disk:

          . INSTALL.EXE  Installation program
            SAFEDISK.INS
          .              Archive of Safety Disk files
          . README.SD    Readme Notes about changes since manual

          Created on the Program Disk during installation:

          . SAFEDISK.USR User Registration information

          Included on the Hard Drive Program Directory (\SAFEDISK):

            SAFEDISK.EXE
          .                   Main program
          . SAFEDISK.HLP      On-line, contex sensitive help
            RECOVER.EXE
          .                   Crash recovery program
            CHECKUP.EXE
          .                   System test program
            SAFEDISK.CFG 
          .                        Safety Disk Configuration
            MAINTMDR.CFG
          .                   Maintanence Minder Configuration
            SAFEDISK.USR
          .                   Registration information
            @@BOOT.DAT
          .                   Backup of Boot Sector
            @@CMOS.DAT
          .                   Backup of CMOS RAM contents
          . @@PART.DAT        Backup of Partition Table Information
            AUTOEXEC.SD
          .                   Backup of Autoexec.BAT
            CONFIG.SD
          .                          of config.sys
                              Backup 
            README.SD
          .                   Additional information, late-breaking news
            COMMAND.SD
          .                   Backup of COMMAND.COM

          Created on the Safety Disk Recovery Diskette:

            RECOVER.EXE
          .                   Crash Recovery Program
            SAFEDISK.HLP
          .                   On-line, contex sensitive help
          . SAFEDISK.CFG      Safety Disk Configuration
          . MAINTMDR.CFG      Maintanence Minder Configuration
          . SAFEDISK.USR      Registration information
            @@BOOT.DAT
          .                   Backup of Boot Sector
          . @@CMOS.DAT        Backup of CMOS RAM contents
          . @@PART.DAT        Backup of Partition Table Information
            AUTOEXEC.SD
          .                   Backup of Autoexec.BAT
          . CONFIG.SD         Backup of config.sys
            COMMAND.COM
          .                   copy of Command.COM from your hard disk
          . AUTOEXEC.BAT      autoexec.bat   to   load   up   safety   disk
            checkup/repair mode
          . CONFIG.SYS        standard config.sys to load up system
          . SYS.COM           System utility program (from DOS)






          Safety Disk                                                    35






                                    Other Issues
                                    Other Issues
                                    Other Issues



          Setting Computer Date and Time
          Setting Computer Date and Time
          Setting Computer Date and Time

          If you lose your CMOS RAM due to a dying battery or static  shock
          Safety Disk will reset  your CMOS data to  the last value  saved.
          The DATE and TIME however will be incorrect.  You can use  Safety
          Disk's /SETIME option  to enter the  correct date  and time  into
          your machine  and the  CMOS.   From the  C:\SAFEDISK prompt  type
          SAFEDISK /SETIME.  You will be given a full screen prompt showing
          the current  date and  time  stored in  the  system.   Enter  the
          correct  values  and  then  when   you  exit  Safety  Disk   will
          automatically update the information in both DOS and CMOS.


          Disk Compression
          Disk Compression
          Disk Compression

          Safety Disk  is not  currently compatible  with disk  compression
          programs such  as  Stacker,  DriveSpace, and  DoubleSpace.    The
          Safety Disk installation program  will disallow the  installation
          of Safety Disk if it detects disk compression.


          Windows and DesqView
          Windows and DesqView
          Windows and DesqView

          Safety Disk should not be installed  or run instead of a  Windows
          DOS shell or a DesqView window.  Exit from these programs  before
          installation or execution.


          Installing on a LANtastic server
          Installing on a LANtastic server
          Installing on a LANtastic server

          Safety Disk will work on machines  setup as LANtastic servers  or
          network nodes.   To  install Safety  Disk you  must boot  up  the
          machine without loading  the server software.   Once Safety  Disk
          has been installed  and you have  created your Recovery  Diskette
          you can then  reboot the machine  and load  the LANtastic  server
          software.


          Safety Disk and Viruses
          Safety Disk and Viruses
          Safety Disk and Viruses

          Safety Disk by HyperWare is a  system backup utility.  It is  the
          first of its kind  to offer full system  protection from boot  up
          problems.  It's  primary purpose is  to provide PC  users of  all
          levels of expertise the comfort of knowing that the vital boot up
          information  of  their  PC  is  stored  and  can  be  easily  and
          automatically restored.   Safety  Disk backs  up CMOS  RAM,  Boot
          Sector, Partition Table, DOS Hidden System files as well as other
          vital boot up files.

          Safety Disk is  not an anti  virus program but  can come in  very
          handy when dealing with  many viruses.   Anti virus programs  are
          Safety Disk                                                    36



                                                         Maintanence Minder

          designed to recognize  and remove viruses  on your PC.   They  do
          nothing, however, if  you can't boot up your PC!

          Safety Disk can recover from many types of viruses.  For example,
          the Michelangelo virus attacks  the Boot Sector, Partition  Table
          and Hidden System  files.  If  this virus strikes  even the  best
          Anti Virus programs won't  get you back up  and running.   Safety
          Disk will!  Practicing safe computing  means you should also  run
          virus  checking  and  removal   software  on  a  regular   basis,
          especially  immediately  after  Safety  Disk  has  detected   and
          corrected an error, otherwise the  problem could reoccur.   Since
          Safety Disk is only concerned  with system information must  must
          take adequate precautions  to protect your  everyday program  and
          data files.    First and  foremost  is regular  backups  followed
          closely by routine virus scanning.

          There is no guarantee against your PC being infected or  attacked
          by viruses, but at least with Safety Disk you can be assured that
          you can quickly get your PC back up and running.





































            Safety Disk                                                  37






                                       Credits
                                       Credits
                                       Credits


          This product started out as a  means to help out the many  people
          that would call me  in a panic because  they could no longer  use
          their PC.  It  started out as  a manual process  to which only  I
          could pull the proper puppet  strings to restore valuable  system
          information.   Safety  Disk has  grown  up into  a  well  rounded
          product that I trust all of my systems to.  Along the way I  have
          had the help of many people in testing and ideas for the product.
          I would  like to  thank all  of those  people who  have used  the
          product and supported it during  it's growth.  More  specifically
          I'd like to thank the  following:

               Kathy Smith
               Jay Wessel
               Turbo Power Software
               Roger Cross
               Brian & Tess for Channel 1
               Paul Somerson & Bantam Books
               PC Tech Journal (A Great Loss)
               PC Magazine
               Byte Magazine
               Jerry Pournelle
               Steve Gibson
               Stella Chin

          Design & Concept
          Design & Concept
          Design & Concept

                 David Foley
                 Ross Neilson Wentworth


          Programming
          Programming
          Programming

          Safety Disk uses a wide variety of programming  tools including:

                 Borland Pascal 7.0
                 Borland Turbo Assembler 3.0
                 Borland Turbo Debugger 2.0
                 Turbo Power Software Object Professional 3.x
                 Phil Katz' PKLite Professional 1.13
                 Ralf Brown's Interrupt List

          Programming by:

               Ross Neilson Wentworth
               David Foley
               Mike Molloy


          Art
          Art
          Art

          Artwork for the Safety Disk was created using:

          Safety Disk                                                    38



                                                                    Credits

                 Ian Davis' TheDraw 4.01
                 Aldus Freehand 2.0
                 Electronic Arts Studio/8 2.0

          Art by:

                 David Foley
                 Noel Gamboa
                 Shahasp Herardian


          Documentation
          Documentation
          Documentation

          Documentation for the Safety Disk was written using:

                 FHTS SuperEdit 3.04
                 Word Perfect 5.1
                 MS Word for Windows 6.0

          Documentation by:

                 Susan Allen
                 David Foley
                 Ross Neilson Wentworth
                 Mike Molloy































            Safety Disk                                                  39






                                        Index
                                        Index
                                        Index



                                             Boot Sector, 3
                                               affected by viruses, 1
                                               backing up, 11
                                               checking for changes, 1
          Adding memory, 11                    fixing with backup copy, 14
                                               option in  View/Edit  Menu,
          AUTOEXEC.BAK file, 17                14
                                               restoring, 25
          AUTOEXEC.BAT file,  3, 9,  16,       test failure, 24
          19                                   viewing contents, 13, 14
            AutoCheckup feature, 8
            backing up, 11                   Bootup, 1, 2,  8, 12, 14,  16,
            editing contents,  13,  16,      19, 43
            32
            information on, 16
            modified by installation of
            Safety Disk, 9                   Checkup routines, 9, 12
            not     restoring     after
            modification, 22                 CMOS RAM, 1
            removing          Read-Only        backup of data, 11
            attributes, 10                     checking for changes, 1
            restoring, 12, 16                  description of, 13
            test failure, 26                   editor, 13
            viewing contents,  13,  16,        menu option, 13
            32                                 protected menu item, 4
                                               restoring contents, 13, 23
          AUTOEXEC.BAT    option    from       role in boot process, 2
          View/Edit Menu, 16                   test failure, 23
                                               view settings, 10
                                               viewing contents, 13

          Backup, 1, 11                      Color, 18
            comparing   with    current
            system files, 9, 10, 22          Command line parameters, 9
            files, location of, 18             SAFEDISK /C, 9, 17, 22
            hardware configuration, 2          SAFEDISK /N, 9
            replacing AUTOEXEC.BAT file        SAFEDISK /R, 10
            with, 26                           SAFEDISK /U, 10, 21
            replacing    Boot    Sector        SAFEDISK /V, 10
            information with, 24
            replacing COMMAND.COM  file      COMMAND.COM file, 11, 15
            with, 26                           role in boot process, 3
            replacing  CONFIG.SYS  file        test failure, 26
            with, 26
            replacing  Partition  Table      Compression, 36
            information with, 24
            replacing  when   CMOS  RAM      Computer        configuration,
            fails test, 23                   changing, 11
            selecting items, 11
            system information, 8            CONFIG.SYS file
                                               backing up, 11
          Safety Disk                                                    40



                                                                      Index

            editing contents,  13,  15,        test failure, 25
            32
            information on, 15
            not     restoring     after
            modification, 22                 Lantastic Networks, 36
            removing          Read-Only
            attributes, 10
            role in boot process, 3
            test failure, 26                 Main Menu options
            viewing contents,  13,  15,        Backup, 11
            32                                 Configure, 18
                                               Restore, 12
          Configure, 18                        Test/Repair, 17, 22
                                               View/Edit, 13
          CPU, 2
                                             Manual Operation Mode, 2, 11

                                             Mouse, 4, 7, 11
          Defaults
            changing, 8                      MS-DOS, 15, 43
            setting, 8                         effect  of  installing  new
                                               version, 24, 25
          DesqView, 36
                                             MSDOS.SYS  (IBMDOS.COM)  file,
          Disk compression, 36               14, 21
                                               backing up, 11
          DOS boot files, 1, 8, 11,  14,       changing attributes, 8
          44                                   role in boot process, 3
                                               test failure, 25


          Editor, 32
                                             Partition Table
          Exit                                 affected by viruses, 1
            from Backup Menu, 12               backing up, 11
            from CONFIG.SYS, 16                checking for changes, 1
            from Help screen, 4                fixing with backup copy, 14
            from Main Menu, 21                 option in  View/Edit  Menu,
            from Safety Disk, 21               13
                                               restoring, 24
                                               test failure, 24
                                               viewing contents, 13
          Hard  disk  drive,  adding  or
          upgrading, 11                      Power On Self Tests (POST), 2

          Help, 4

                                             RAM chips, 2

          Ignore problem,  test  failure     Read-Only attributes
          option, 22                           removing, 10
                                               setting, 10, 21
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM) file, 21
            backing up, 11                   Recovery Diskette, 2
            changing attributes, 8             booting from, 25
            role in boot process, 3
            Safety Disk                                                  41



                                                                      Index

            creating  during  automatic        MSDOS.SYS file, 25
            installation, 7, 8                 Partition Table, 24
            creating new, 12
            specifying floppy drive, 18      Test  failure  details,   test
                                             failure option, 23
          Restore, 8
            AUTOEXEC.BAT file, 26            Test failure options
            boot files, 1                      Ignore problem, 22
            Boot Sector, 25                    Restore original copy, 22
            CMOS RAM, 23                       Test failure details, 23
            COMMAND.COM file, 26               Update backup, 23
            CONFIG.SYS file, 26
            IO.SYS file, 25                  Test/Repair, 17, 22
            MSDOS.SYS file, 25
            Partition Table, 24              Text editor, 32
            vital system information, 8

          Restore  original  copy,  test
          failure option, 22                 Update  backup,  test  failure
                                             option, 23
          ROM BIOS, 2


                                             View CMOS Settings, 10
          Safety Disk directory
            \SAFEDISK, 8, 9, 11              View/Edit, 15, 16
            specifying, 18
                                             Viruses, 14, 36
          Screen, protected items, 4           protection from, 1, 24, 25

          SYSINIT, 3

          System  configuration  change,     Windows, 36
          11, 23

          System files
            backing up, 8, 11
            boot files, 8, 11,  14, 16,
            43, 44
            checking for changes, 1, 9
            comparing with  backup, 10,
            22
            restoring, 12
            testing, 17
            viewing information  about,
            13



          Test failure
            AUTOEXEC.BAT file, 26
            Boot Sector, 24
            CMOS RAM, 23
            COMMAND.COM file, 26
            CONFIG.SYS file, 26
            IO.SYS file, 25
          42Safety Disk






                                  Glossary of Terms
                                  Glossary of Terms
                                  Glossary of Terms


          AUTOEXEC.BAT
          AUTOEXEC.BAT
          AUTOEXEC.BAT   A  file that contains the  DOS commands that tell
          your computer how to  set itself up, just  before you take  over.
          AUTOEXEC.BAT often contains commands to run other programs  (such
          as Safety Disk), which may perform an operation on your system or
          even install a service or program in memory.

          Boot Sector
          Boot Sector
          Boot Sector  A small area (sometimes called a Boot Record) at the
          very beginning of  your disk. It  tells the  computer about  your
          disk and how to startt up your operating system.

          Bootable Floppy
          Bootable Floppy
          Bootable Floppy  A diskette that  contains the operating system.
          When a PC is started up, it looks first for a bootable floppy. If
          it doesn't find one,  it attempts to boot  from the hard disk  if
          one is installed.

          Boot, Bootup
          Boot, Bootup
          Boot, Bootup  To start your computer.  When you turn on or reset
          your PC, the system executes a series of internal instructions to
          setup the  proper  configuration.   This  is known  as  the  boot
          process.  The word  comes from bootstrap, as  in pulling on  your
          boots.

                Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor.  A CMOS chip is  a
          CMOS
          CMOS
          CMOS
          specific type of chip that can operate at higher speeds with less
          power required than a normal MOS chip.

          CMOS RAM
          CMOS RAM
          CMOS RAM  The IBM AT was the first 80286 based machine. In  order
          to save  specific information  about the  hardware setup  of  the
          machine IBM used a Motorola 146818  CMOS chip that had 128  bytes
          of memory. This memory was used rather than dip switches to store
          the hardware configuration of the machine. All machines that  are
          based on the IBM AT including all 286, 386 and 486 computers  use
          a variation of the CMOS RAM to store the hardware information.

          Command Line  Parameters
          Command Line  Parameters
          Command Line  Parameters   Characters that  may be  added to  the
          command to execute a program. They  can effect the way a  program
          runs or provide a program with needed setup information.

          COMMAND.COM
          COMMAND.COM
          COMMAND.COM  Known as the command interpreter, COMMAND.COM is the
          program that is running  all the time and  allows you to  control
          your disk and the programs you run on your PC.

          CONFIG.SYS
          CONFIG.SYS
          CONFIG.SYS   A small  text file  you use  to tell  MS-DOS how  to
          configure itself  according  to  its    hardware  environment  by
          loading system settings and device drivers.

          Conventional Memory
          Conventional Memory
          Conventional Memory  The memory originally addressed by the 8088
          processor that was used  in the IBM  PC and PC/XT.   This is  the
          memory space below the 1 Megabyte address and is used by DOS  and
          DOS programs.



          Safety Disk                                                    43



                                                          Glossary of Terms

          CPU
          CPU
          CPU  Central Processing Unit. The main part of your PC, contained
          on  a  single  microprocessor,  which  computes,  compares,   and
          processes information.

          CRC
          CRC
          CRC  Cyclical Redundancy Checking.  A calculation used to  detect
          errors or  changes in  data  by performing  various  mathematical
          calculations on the data.

          DOS Boot Files
          DOS Boot Files
          DOS Boot Files  The files DOS uses to boot your PC. They include
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM) and MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM).

          Formatting a Diskette
          Formatting a Diskette
          Formatting a Diskette  An initialization process that prepares a
          diskette for  use  on a  particular  machine. It  determines  the
          physical layout of sectors  on the diskette,  which is where  the
          information is stored.

           Hidden File
           Hidden File
           Hidden File
                       A file that cannot be viewed, changed, or deleted.

          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)
          IO.SYS (IBMBIO.COM)  One  of the system  files DOS uses to  boot
          your computer. It contains instructions for interaction with your
          systems input/output hardware.

          Math Coprocessor
          Math Coprocessor
          Math Coprocessor  A chip you add to your computer to increase its
          speed, when performing numerical  calculations by offloading  the
          calculations from the main processor.

          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)
          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)
          MSDOS.SYS (IBMDOS.COM)  One of the system files DOS uses to boot
          your computer.  It sets up the hardware for interaction with  the
          operating system.

          Partition Table
          Partition Table
          Partition Table   A  record  stored  on  your  hard  drive  that
          determines the layout of  your hard drive.  It divides the  drive
          into logical areas for use by various operating systems including
          DOS. It is also used to create multiple logical drives out of one
          physical hard drive.

          Read-Only Attribute
          Read-Only Attribute
          Read-Only Attribute  A characteristic that can  be assigned to a
          file, which allows the  contents of the file  to be read but  not
          changed nor deleted.

                    Read Only  Memory Basic Input Output  System. A set of
          ROM BIOS
          ROM BIOS
          ROM BIOS
          routines stored  in a  ROM chip  including  the boot  program  to
          control the peripheral devices.

                   A  routine that is  part of the  PC boot  process.   The
          SYSINIT
          SYSINIT
          SYSINIT
          SYSINIT code is stored in the ROM BIOS chips.

          System Files
          System Files
          System Files  Files  required for  the loading of  the operating
          system:  IO.SYS and MSDOS.SYS.

          Video Card
          Video Card
          Video Card  A  printed circuit  board that plugs  into a  PC and
          generates the  text  and graphics  on  the monitor's  screen.  It
          determines the resolution  quality and numbers  of colors on  the
          screen.


          44Safety Disk



                                                          Glossary of Terms

          Virus
          Virus
          Virus   A program  that infects  a  computer by  multiplying  and
          attaching copies of itself to programs in the system. It has  the
          potential to destroy data and programs.




          If you find a  term that is  not explained here  and is not  made
          clear in the manual, please give us a call so that we may include
          it in the glossary in future updates of the product.














































            Safety Disk                                                  45
