Cognitive Psychology Practicals
This program contains simualtions of several cognitive psychology 
experiments. Use them as teaching tools or to replicate the experiments.
All experiments contain instructions which can be customized to suit 
your needs (just modify text files). Also they come with references for
further reading and details of a design (also in text files).
When you run the experiment program creates results files which
can be viewed from a program and analyized using SPSS for example.

I made the program couple a years ago in Borland C++ for Department of
Psychology at University of Zimbabwe. I found them recently and
thought why not make it available, maybe someone finds them usefull.
So, this is a freeware. I'd appreciate if you send me an email 
(dejann@usa.net) if you are using the software. You can distribute it freely.
I'm enclosing CPP source code files (project file is missing). 
If you know how to code in C you can use them to modify the program.

After you unzip all files to a folder type PRACS at the DOS prompt 
or double click PRACS.EXE file in windows (press ALT + ENTER to switch
to full screen).

System requirements:
 
 Almost any IBM compatible computer with just 150 KB free hard disk space
 MS DOS 5.0 or later, Windows 95 or later
 Colour monitor for Stroop effect only

TEXT FILES:
=====

???INS.TXT files are instructions

???INS2.TXT files are instructions presented after practice trials

???DETS.TXT files are details of the design

???REFS.TXT files are references for further reading


SPERLING EXPERIMENT
========================================================================

In the SPERLING experiment all stimuli are created by the computer.


STERNBERG EXPERIMENT
========================================================================

In the STERNBERG experiment all stimuli are created by the computer.


REICHER EXPERIMENT
=========================================================================

REIWORD.TXT file contains words used in the Reicher experiment. Format:
	[word][alternative letter][serial position of the target letter 1-4]
	[target-mask delay condition 1-4]
	E.g. workd41 means that word 'work' will be presented followed by
	choice letters 'd' and 'k' in the fourth position and with the 
	target-mask interval of 20 ms.
	NOTE: You only need to store words in this file. Letter trials are
	made by the computer on the basis of words.

REISYS.TXT file is a file required for Reicher experiment. It contains
	two integers. Integer in the first row is the number of words in 
	practice trials and integer in the second row is the number of 
	words in experimental trials. Note that the actual number of trials
	is double the numeber of words because of letter conditions.


STROOP EFFECT
========================================================================

This experiment requires a colour monitor.

Also it requires an experimenter. It cannot be performed by the
subject alone like the other experiments in this package.

STRWORD.TXT file contains stimuli used in the stroop effect experiment.
        FORMAT: [colour 0-5][condition 0-1] E.g.  01
                                                  15
                                                  02
                                                  etc.

        COLOUR CODES:   white -0
			blue  -1
			green -2
			yellow-3
			red   -4
			purple-5
                        

        CONDITION CODES: 0=colour patch condition
                         1=colour name condition


STRSYS.TXT file contains 2 integers. First integer represents a number of
	practice trials and the second one represents a number of
	experimenal trials. Maximum number of trials is 300.


MEMORY EXPERIMENT
==========================================================================

MEMWORD.TXT file contains words and conditions. First N words (where N is
	the first number recorded in MEMSYS.TXT file) are target words.
	Target words will be presented in the first part of the experiments.
	All words are randomly presented in the second part of the
	experiment when subjects' response is recorded.
	Each word must be immediately followed by the number (1-9)
	representing a condition. The number of conditions to be used
	in the experiments can vary from 2-9 as will be described in the
	MEMSYS.TXT section

MEMSYS.TXT file contains 2 integers. First integer represents the number of
	words to be presented in the first part of the experiments. If you
	type 10 first 10 words from MEMWORD.TXT will be presented as 'to
        be remembered' words. It is recommended that the number of target
        words be 1/2 of the total number of words. However, program will take
        any variation as long as total number of words does not exceed 300.
	Second number represents the number of conditions.Valid values are
	2 to 9. If you change this value make sure you also changed
	MEMWORD.TXT file. Ideally this file should have equal number of
	words in each condition.


SEMANTIC PRIMING EXPERIMENT
============================================================================

        Prime is presented for 200ms.
        Target is presented after a 200 ms. delay



SEMWORD.TXT file contains words and conditions in the following format:
	WORD1:WORD2:CONDITION (e.g. apple:tree:2)
	Word1 is presented first (a prime) and word2 follows it immediately.
	Subjects are tested on whether the word2 is a word or a nonword. 
	Condition can have a value 1-3. Condition 1 stands for related
	words, condition 2 for unrelated words and condition 3 for non-words.
	Note that conditions 1 and 2 are positive trials and that the program
	reports only hits and misses. Condition 3 represents negative trials
	and correct rejections and false positives are reported. Ideally 
        combined number of condition 1 and 2 stimuli should be equal to
	the number of condition 3 stimuli.
	This file contains stimuli for both practice and experimental trials.

SEMSYS.TXT file contains two integers. First number shows the number of 
	practice trials and the second one represents the number of 
	experimental trials. Make sure that those two numbers correspond to
	the actual number of stimuli in the semword.txt file. Also, numbers
	must appear one over the other in adjacent lines. Combined value 
	must be less than 300.


RESULT FILES
===========================================================================

*.REI, *.STE, *.SPE, *.STR, *.MEM, and *.SEM files contain individual results for
	Reicher, Sternberg, Sperling, Stroop effect, Memory experiment, and 
	Semantic priming, respectively. 

*.CAT files contain master catalog which is an SPSS ready file. Format of
	this file for each experiment is explained further down.

Sternber.cat format:
===================

1. INITIALS
2. SEX [1-male;2-female]
3. TOTAL PERCENTAGE CORRECT
4.- 9. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CORRECT ANSWERS FOR POSITIVE TRIALS
	(condition* 1-6)
10.-15. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CORRECT ANSWERS FOR NEGATIVE TRIALS
	(condition* 1-6)

* conditions 1-6 represent different size of the positive set where condition
	1 represents size of the positive set of 1, condition 2 size of the
	positive set of 2, etc.


Reicher.cat format:
==================

1. INITIALS
2. SEX [1-MALE; 2-FEMALE]
  ** LETTER CONDITIONS **
3. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 1*
4. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 1
5. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 2
6. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 2
7. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 3
8. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 3
9. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 4                            
10. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 4                            
  ** WORD CONDITIONS [SECOND ROW]**
11. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 1
12. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 1
13. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 2
14. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 2
15. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 3
16. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 3
17. PERCENTAGE CORRECT FOR CONDITION 4                            
18. MEAN REACTION TIME FOR CONDITION 4                            
 
  
 
  
  * CONDITIONS 1-4 represent different target-mask intervals where
	condition 1= 20 ms.
	condition 2= 40 ms.
	condition 3= 60 ms.
	condition 4= 80 ms.


 
 Sperling.cat format:
 ===================

1. INITIALS 
2. SEX [1-MALE;2-FEMALE]
3.-8. PERCENTAGE CORRECT CONDITION 1- CONDITION 5*

* CONDITION 1-5 represent stimulus-recall signal delay where:

	Condition 1=   0 ms. delay
	Condition 2= 100 ms. delay
	Condition 3= 250 ms. delay
	Condition 4= 500 ms. delay
	Condition 5= 750 ms. delay                     





 Stroop.cat format:
 =================

 1. INITIALS
 2. SEX (1-MALE;2-FEMALE)
 3. NO. OF HITS FOR COLOUR NAME CONDITION
 4. MEAN RT FOR HITS FOR COLOUR NAME CONDITION (in milliseconds)
 5. NO. OF MISSES FOR COLOUR NAME CONDITION
 6. MEAN RT FOR HITS FOR COLOUR NAME CONDITION
 7. NO. OF HITS FOR COLOUR PATCH CONDITION
 8. MEAN RT FOR HITS FOR COLOUR PATCH CONDITION
 9. NO. OF MISSES FOR COLOUR PATCH CONDITION
10. MEAN RT FOR MISSES FOR COLOUR PATCH CONDITION 

MEMORY.CAT
==========

1. INITIALS
2. SEX
CONDITION 1:
3. NUMBER OF HITS
4. MEAN RT FOR HITS
5. NUMBER OF MISSES
6. MEAN RT FOR MISSES
7. NUMBER OF CORRECT REJECTIONS
8. MEAN RT FOR CORRECT REJECTIONS
9. NUMBER OF FALSE POSITIVES
10. MEAN RT FOR FALSE POSITIVES
CONDITION 2:
11. NUMBER OF HITS
12. MEAN RT FOR HITS
13. NUMBER OF MISSES
14. MEAN RT FOR MISSES
15. NUMBER OF CORRECT REJECTIONS
16. MEAN RT FOR CORRECT REJECTIONS
17. NUMBER OF FALSE POSITIVES
18. MEAN RT FOR FALSE POSITIVES

Numbers 11-18 are repeated for conditions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 if
those conditions are included in the experiment

SEMANTIC.CAT
============

1. INITIALS
2. SEX (1-MALE, 2-FEMALE)
3. NO. OF HITS FOR CONDITION 1 (RELATED WORDS)
4. MEAN REACTION TIME (IN MILLISECONDS)
5. NO. OF MISSES FOR CONDITION 1 
6. MEAN REACTION TIME
7. NO. OF HITS FOR CONDITION 2 (UNRELATED WORDS)
8. MEAN REACTION TIME
9. NO. OF MISSES FOR CONDITION 2
10. MEAN REACTION TIME
11. NO. OF CORRECT REJECTIONS FOR CONDITION 3 (NON-WORDS)
12. MEAN RT
13. NO. OF FALSE POSITIVES FOR CONDITION 3
14. MEAN RT

 TROUBLESHOOTING:
========================================================================

 If there are problems after changing the ???word.txt file (e.g. strange
 words not present in the file appear in the experiment) make sure that
 all characters are deleted after the last word. Do that by placing the
 cursor in MS-DOS editor after the last character of the last stimulus and
 press and hold delete. In this way you will delete all the characters,
 including the invisible ones such as spaces and carriage returns.

 Also make sure that the numbers in ???sys.txt file (if one exists for
 a given experiment) correspond to the actual number of stimuli in
 the ???word.txt file.

