







        DDDDD                     SSSSS
         D   D  aaa    t    aaa  S        ccc   ooo   ppp   eee   TM
         D   D     a ttttt     a  SS     c     o   o p   p e   e
         D   D  aaaa   t    aaaa    SS   c     o   o p   p eeee
         D   D a   a   t   a   a      S  c     o   o p   p e
        DDDDD   aaa     tt  aaa  SSSSS    ccc   ooo  pppp   eee
                                                     p
                                                     p
                                                     p
                                                     p

        User's Reference                                    August, 1991














                                        Protocol Analyzer and Line Scope
                                        -        -            -    -













                                          Paladin Software, Incorporated

        Introduction
        ________________________________________________________________


                              _______
                         ____|__     |               (tm)
                      --|       |    |-------------------
                        |   ____|__  |  Association of
                        |  |       |_|  Shareware
                        |__|   o   |    Professionals
                      -----|   |   |---------------------
                           |___|___|    MEMBER



        The Shareware Concept
        ---------------------

        DataScope is distributed on a Shareware basis. You may use
        DataScope without charge for the purposes of evaluating it's
        usefulness and suitability to task. If you find DataScope
        worthwhile, then you should order a registered version of the
        program. Registered copies of the program do not display
        registration reminders and come with a detailed 130 page
        user's manual, monitor cables and two serial connectors. An
        order form is already prepared in ORDERFRM.DOC - simply print
        this file, supply the necessary information and mail it in to us
        with your payment. An invoice will be shipped automatically with
        your order.

        DataScope will soon have a protocol analysis language as well as
        additional capabilities and enhancements, and as a registered
        user you will be entitled to low cost upgrades to the newest
        versions as soon as they are released. Most importantly however,
        by registering your copy of DataScope (or any Shareware
        product), you'll ensure the survival of the convenient and risk
        free distribution method that originally brought you DataScope.

        If you have paid a small fee to a Users' Group, "Software
        Library" or "SIG" to receive this copy, you have NOT acquired
        the registered rights or continued right to use DataScope. This
        fee was for the convenience of obtaining the DataScope diskette,
        and cannot be applied toward the purchase of a registered copy.

        You may freely copy DataScope for distribution under the
        Shareware concept, without charge. You may not reverse engineer,
        decompile, or disassemble the software. You may not rent or
        lease the software to other persons. You may not charge any fee
        for the DataScope program or documentation without our express
        written approval. Similarly, you may not distribute DataScope or
        it's documentation in connection with any commercial venture,
        product, publication or service without our express written
        approval.


                                       ii

                                                            Introduction
        ________________________________________________________________

        Support Policy and Limited Warranty
        -----------------------------------

        When you purchase a registered version, you receive three months
        of unlimited telephone support. Support hours are from 9 AM to 5
        PM PST. DataScope also comes with a 90 day money back guarantee:
        Paladin Software warrants that the program will perform substan-
        tially in accordance with the documentation for ninety days.
        If for any reason you are unsatisfied, you may return all
        materials for an immediate refund of the full purchase price.


        No Other Warranties
        -------------------

        Paladin Software, Inc. disclaims all other warranties, either
        expressed or implied with respect to the software and
        documentation, including but not limited to implied warranties
        of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.


        Liability Limitations
        ---------------------

        Under no circumstances shall Paladin Software, Inc. be liable
        for any damages whatsoever, including special, incidental,
        consequential, indirect or other similar damages arising out of
        the use or inability to use this product, even if Paladin
        Software, Inc. has been advised of the possibility of such
        damages.


        Copyright and Trademark Notices
        -------------------------------

        Copyright 1990-1991, Paladin Software, Incorporated. All rights
        reserved.

        Information in the documentation is subject to change without
        notice and does not constitute a commitment on the part of
        Paladin Software, Inc.

        DataScope and Modulink are trademarks of Paladin Software, Inc.
        AutoMate is a trademark of ComTek Corp. BreakOut-II is a
        trademark of Advanced Firmware Engineering. Serialtest is a
        trademark of Advanced Computer Consulting, Incorporated. IBM,
        PC, XT, AT, and PS/2 are registered trademarks of International
        Business Machines Corporation.




                                      iii



                            TABLE OF CONTENTS
                            -----------------


        Using This Manual.............................................vi
        Introducing DataScope.........................................vi
        Typographical Conventions...................................viii

        CHAPTER ONE - INSTALLATION AND STARTUP

        What You Need................................................1-1
        Installation.................................................1-1
                Floppy Disk Systems..................................1-1
                Hard Disk Systems....................................1-2
        Starting DataScope...........................................1-2

        CHAPTER TWO - CONFIGURATION

        Startup Options..............................................2-1
                Interrupt Switch.....................................2-1
                Configurations Switch................................2-2
        Platform Setup...............................................2-2
                The DOS Search Path..................................2-2
                The Environment Variable PALS........................2-4
                Your AUTOEXEC.BAT Contents...........................2-4
                Your CONFIG.SYS Contents.............................2-5
        Serial Port Cabling..........................................2-5
                Modulink Cables......................................2-5
                        RS-232 Cable Tap (Monitor Modes).............2-6
                        AutoMate RJ-45 Cable Tap (Monitor Modes).....2-6
                Interactive Cables...................................2-7
                Shareware Cables.....................................2-8

        CHAPTER THREE - SETUP BASICS

        DataScope Hot Keys...........................................3-1
                Hot Key Execution....................................3-1
                Hot Key Mnemonics....................................3-3
                        Setup Screen Hot Keys........................3-3
                        Modal Hot Keys...............................3-3
                        Function Hot Keys............................3-4
        DataScope Menus..............................................3-4
                Exiting DataScope....................................3-5
                        Quit Menu Selection..........................3-5
                        Control-C Hot Key Option.....................3-6








                                      iv

                                                       Table of Contents
        ________________________________________________________________


        Setup Screen Field Editing...................................3-6
                Field Selection......................................3-7
                Field Entry Methods..................................3-7
                        Predefined Lists.............................3-8
                        Alphanumeric Strings.........................3-8
                        Numeric Strings..............................3-8
                        Hybrid Strings...............................3-8
                Port Specific Fields.................................3-9
        Basic Setup List.............................................3-9
                Device Assignments..................................3-11

        CHAPTER FOUR - ADVANCED TOPICS

        Help.........................................................4-1
        Live Displays................................................4-1
        Capture Display..............................................4-1
        History Display..............................................4-2
                History Function Keys................................4-2
                        History Cursor Functions.....................4-2
                        History Special Functions....................4-3
                History Menu Selections..............................4-4
                        GoTo.........................................4-4
                        Byte Scan....................................4-4
                        String Match.................................4-5
        Port Setup...................................................4-6
        Vector Setup.................................................4-6
        Archive Setup................................................4-7
        Capture Setup................................................4-7
        Data Archive.................................................4-8
        Data Capture.................................................4-8
        Translation String Editing...................................4-9
                Individual Attribute Changes.........................4-9
                Translation String Changes..........................4-10
                Global Attribute Changes............................4-10

















                                       v

        Introduction
        ________________________________________________________________

        Using This Manual
        -----------------

        We have organized the manual to encourage immediate execution of
        the software. Three introductory chapters provide increasing
        levels of detail that allow you to read a minimum amount of
        information before putting your newly acquired understanding to
        work. These chapters have been written in plain language that
        anyone can understand - no special expertise is required to
        understand or install DataScope.

        The final chapter is organized topically. The heading names
        identify the covered topic. Each topic is independent of the
        other topics - they can be read separately, and in any order.

        Typically, people using communication analysis tools fall into
        two categories: Those interested in debugging serial connections
        to devices (such as modems, printers, plotters, and other
        computers), and those interested in debugging or analyzing
        serial protocols. Many advanced features of DataScope are
        specifically designed to address protocol debugging issues.
        Connection oriented users will want to concentrate more on the
        live displays and the RS-232 signal information.


        Introducing DataScope
        ---------------------

        You have purchased the finest software line analyzer on the
        market today. No other product can match the features, user
        interface, data collection efficiency, or display capabilities
        of DataScope. The salient features of this landmark product are
        listed below.

                              DataScope Features
                              ------------------

        o STANDARD BAUD RATES UP TO 115,200 BITS PER SECOND. Predefined,
        convenient standard baud rates are supported to speed selection
        for the typical communication rates used by most computers and
        peripherals.

        o USER DEFINABLE BAUD RATES. For situations that require unusual
        baud rates, a user definable baud rate field is provided to
        allow all possible baud rates (selected rates must be proper
        divisions of the crystal frequency) with automatic nearest true
        rate adjustment.





                                       vi

                                                            Introduction
        ________________________________________________________________

        o FULL CAPTURE MODE TRIGGER POSITIONING CONTROL. Capturing
        specific items of interest is easy with the powerful
        alphanumeric string detection and occurrence counting
        capabilities. In conjunction with the archive control
        techniques, full trigger position control can be achieved.

        o HISTORIC ARCHIVE STORAGE UP TO EIGHT MEGABYTES. You never have
        to worry about lost data with the eight megabyte storage
        capacity of the archive files.

        o DUAL HISTORY CURSORS WITH MICROSECOND TIMING RESOLUTION.
        Character arrival timing resolution is actually better than one
        microsecond! Two cursors are available with independent motion
        control to allow timing comparisons across any number of bytes.

        o FULL ARCHIVE STORAGE PARAMETER CONTROL. Archive file storage
        length, storage increment size, filename, path, and drive letter
        are all user alterable. Archive files can be created, selected
        and altered at will.

        o MULTIPLE LIVE, INTERACTIVE AND HISTORIC DATA VIEWS. Many live
        display options are available to satisfy different usage
        requirements, varying the source arrangements by line, character
        and screen position. An historic data view allows analysis of
        any archived data.

        o FULL SCREEN MAIN STATUS DISPLAY. You don't need to enter a
        setup screen to determine what system settings you last chose.
        The main status screen displays all major parameters organized
        by related function.

        o USER CONFIGURATION FILE SETS. No need to memorize DataScope
        setup parameters to analyze any particular device or
        conversation. Once properly configured, simply save the current
        configuration to a kernel file. Kernels can be recalled or
        modified at any time.

        o UNLIMITED ALTERABLE CHARACTER AND ATTRIBUTE TRANSLATION SETS.
        Display characters in Hex, Decimal or Octal using ASCII or
        numeric data sets independently for each source! Every character
        string of each data set is alterable - you can change
        attributes, color or display string contents at any time. Data
        sets are saved with the configuration kernels so you can have
        different sets for different analysis purposes.

        o ON-LINE CONTEXT SENSITIVE HELP. One key combination summons
        context sensitive help for the screen or field you are viewing.
        The help file is longer than the application file!




                                      vii

        Introduction
        ________________________________________________________________

                     Full-featured archived data display
                     -----------------------------------

        o DUAL TIMESTAMPED CURSORS. Each independent and movable cursor
        is separately timestamped to allow accurate protocol analysis,
        benchmarking and debugging. The delta difference between the two
        cursor times is displayed as well.

        o TRUE BAUD RATE CALCULATION OF COM1, COM2 OR BOTH SOURCES. Line
        usage can easily be determined at the touch of a function key.

        o ARCHIVE STORAGE OF OVER TEN DAYS OF RELATED DATA. Relative
        timestamps are maintained accurately for over ten days (256
        hours).


                 Powerful, fast option and setup field editing
                 ---------------------------------------------

        o THIRTEEN FIELD EDITING FUNCTION KEYS. Text field editing is
        fully supported for fast and simple setup of the DataScope
        options and parameters.

        o HOT KEY ACCESS TO ALL SETUP SCREENS FROM ALL PROGRAM MODES.
        Fifteen mnemonically organized Hot keys provide instant setup
        from any and all program modes.

        o AUTOMATIC CONTEXT SENSITIVE FIELD HELP FOR DATA ENTRY. Every
        field automatically gives you related entry information when you
        start editing the field. There is no need to memorize what
        commands or data any particular field requires.


        Typographical Conventions
        -------------------------

        Field Name - Capitalization is used to identify setup screen
                field names.

        "Selection" - Quotes appear when the contents of a Field Name
                are specified.

        Hot-key - Hyphenations identify hot key combinations.

        mmmm  md pals  mmmm - Double spaces delimit commands that must
                be typed exactly as they appear in the text.






                                     viii



                  CHAPTER ONE - INSTALLATION AND STARTUP
                  --------------------------------------


        Chapter one focuses totally upon DataScope installation and
        startup, without any extraneous information. You should read
        this chapter, even if you read nothing else. We encourage you to
        run the program immediately - when you are ready for more
        information, move on to the next chapter.


        WHAT YOU NEED
        -------------

        o Computer: IBM PC, XT, AT, or PS/2 computer or any 100% IBM
        compatible clone.

        o Operating System: MS-DOS version 2.1 or above.

        o Memory: At least 192K of available ram is required.

        o Display: Monochrome, CGA, EGA, and VGA displays are all
        supported.

        o Disk Drive: One floppy disk drive or one floppy disk drive and
        any hard disk drive.

        o Serial Ports: One or two serial ports (two serial ports are
        recommended, but not required).

        o Cables: One DataScope cable set (supplied with a registered
        version of the software). You can make a simplified test cable
        by following the diagram in the CABLE.DOC file.


        INSTALLATION
        ------------

        DataScope can run on floppy and hard disk based systems. The
        absolute minimum knowledge of DOS command procedures is needed
        (for those that don't know about DOS, and don't wish to learn,
        the procedures are spelled out step-by-step).


        Floppy Disk Systems
        -------------------

        o Copy the executable and support files to a disk in the floppy
        drive you wish to use for DataScope. All files without .DOC or
        .TXT extensions are necessary for the successful operation of
        DataScope.


                                      1-1

        Installation and Startup
        ________________________________________________________________

        Hard Disk Systems
        -----------------

        o Create a directory for the application files using the DOS
        command  md . For example, to create the directory PALS off of
        the root directory, type  md\pals  and press Enter. You may
        choose any name for the directory, and it may be at any level in
        the directory tree structure.

        o Copy all application files to the hard disk drive directory
        you just created. Application files have extensions other than
        .DOC or .TXT to distinguish them from general information and
        documentation files.


        STARTING DATASCOPE
        ------------------

        Before starting DataScope - even for just a first look - you
        should make a backup copy of the DataScope distribution file and
        (optionally) copy the files to your hard disk. Follow the
        procedures outlined in Installing DataScope for the type of
        system you have before starting DataScope as outlined below.

        o Change the current drive to the drive containing the DataScope
        application files (type the drive letter, colon and press
        Enter). For example, to make drive C the current drive type  c:
        and press Enter.

        o Change the current directory to the directory containing the
        DataScope application files (skip this step if you are operating
        from a floppy disk based system - the application files are
        normally in the root directory on floppy disk based systems).
        Type  cd  followed by the full path specification of the
        directory chosen in the installation of the DataScope files. If
        you chose the example directory you would type  cd\pals  to
        select the proper directory.

        o Type  pals  and press Enter to start DataScope. The DataScope
        welcome screen will appear with the logo, version number,
        revision date, and corporate address.

        o Press any key to exit the welcome screen and initiate the
        application, displaying the main status screen.








                                      1-2



                       CHAPTER TWO - CONFIGURATION
                       ---------------------------


        Chapters one through three are designed to be read in sequence -
        be sure to read chapter one before continuing. You should have
        already installed DataScope and created a backup of the
        distribution file.

        We encourage you to take a look at DataScope now. Execute menu
        commands. Look at setup screens and displays. Try to figure out
        how the user interface operates and what the fields in the
        status screen mean. Of course, all of these things are explained
        in the on-line help and in the manual, but it will surely help
        your understanding if you have at least seen the various aspects
        of the interface before it is explained.


        STARTUP OPTIONS
        ---------------

        Two file argument switches are provided to modify DataScope's
        startup actions. These special features should not be important
        unless you attempt to change the port base addresses or
        interrupt vectors from the default configuration settings - and
        then only if you err in a disastrous way. You can probably skip
        this information until seeking to become a "power user."


        Interrupt Switch
        ----------------

        Execute ...     To ...

        pals /i         Start DataScope with serial interrupts disabled.

                        This switch allows recovery from an incorrect
                        and fatal specification of communication port
                        base address or interrupt vector. Power-up with
                        this switch to override the last vector
                        installations and disable the serial interrupts.
                        You must re-edit the incorrect specification
                        that caused the system to crash or otherwise
                        malfunction - only the interrupt vector
                        installation is overridden by this switch.








                                      2-1

        Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

        Configuration Switch
        --------------------

        Execute ...        To ...

        pals /c filename    Start DataScope with a specific
                            configuration kernel.

                            Use this switch to override DataScope's use
                            of the most recent configuration kernel. The
                            filename specified can follow the /c switch
                            with or without a space or spaces, but must
                            specify a real configuration file. If you do
                            not include an extension, DataScope will
                            append the default .CFG extension. This
                            feature can save time when using multiple
                            configurations and in automated startup
                            procedures, or save your bacon if an ex-
                            ternal program or event trashes your usual
                            configuration file.


        PLATFORM SETUP
        --------------

        DataScope is intended to function as a high performance serial
        analysis tool. Equally important, however, is a facile user
        interface. To increase user friendliness, DataScope can take
        advantage of two unique capabilities available in MS-DOS - the
        search path and environment variables.

        To optimize performance of your applications, it is advisable to
        have certain parameters set to certain values in your power-up
        files. Both AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS parameters will be
        discussed.


        The DOS Search Path
        -------------------

        Most users are familiar with the terse DOS message "Bad command
        or file name" that appears whenever one tries to execute a file
        not in the DOS search path. The remedy for this, other than
        always changing to the directory that contains the file before
        executing it, is relatively simple. All directories in common
        use can be included in the DOS search path. The PATH variable is
        set in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, and can be modified to contain
        the directory you have created to hold the DataScope executive
        file. Thus, executing  pals  will initiate DataScope regardless
        of the current directory.


                                      2-2

                                                           Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

        To continue our example (for those unfamiliar with what a path
        string should look like), you could set your path as shown here:

                        set path=c:\;c:\dos;c:\pals

        Use of the  c:  drive specifier is neither required nor
        necessary, unless you utilize multiple logical or physical
        drives.

        Take heed of one caveat before you implement this capability and
        blithely execute  pals  from each and every directory in
        existence. DataScope expects to find at least one - and as many
        as three - ancillary files in the current directory (the number
        depends upon the existence of archive and/or configuration path
        specifications) unless the environment variable PALS is set
        (read the next section to learn about PALS).

        DataScope will happily run without two of these files (PALS.HLP
        and the current, user specified archive file) but REQUIRES the
        presence of a user specified configuration file or the PALS.CFG
        default. This is a relatively complex subject and is only
        covered in detail in the bound manual that comes with registered
        copies of DataScope.

        Of course, nothing disastrous will happen if you execute  pals
        in a directory that does not contain the proper ancillary files.
        If the configuration file cannot be found within a six stage
        search sequence, DataScope automatically returns to the DOS
        prompt, refusing to run. If either of the other two files are
        missing, appropriate error messages are issued before operation
        continues. A missing help file disables on-line help. A missing
        archive file can be located and mapped in directly using the
        Archive Setup screen.

        Therefore, in order to effectively utilize the DOS search path
        option, you must either set PALS to identify the directory
        containing the ancillary files, or have copies of them in the
        current directory before executing  pals . Experienced software
        users will recognize the latter technique as a means of
        maintaining different operating conditions for specific analysis
        purposes. Most users, however, will find the former method to be
        powerful and convenient when used in conjunction with
        configuration kernels.









                                      2-3

        Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

        The Environment Variable PALS
        -----------------------------

        One stage of file search sequences (explained in detail in the
        bound manual) is controlled by the environment variable PALS.
        When DataScope is not specifically directed to find a file in a
        particular directory, it will default to the directory specified
        in PALS before attempting to find the file in the current
        directory. You can set PALS if you wish to normally direct the
        file path default to a specific directory other than the current
        directory. Executing  pals  in any directory will always use the
        ancillary files in the PALS specified directory unless an
        override pathspec is in effect (much more information is
        available on overrides in the bound manual).

        Three types of ancillary files are affected by this variable,
        although each is affected somewhat differently: The
        configuration kernel file, the archive data file and the
        PALS.HLP help file. The configuration file and archive data file
        are both user specified and have topical chapters devoted to
        detailed explanations in the registered version's manual. The
        help file is not user specified (nor is it alterable at the
        present time). DataScope will always attempt to find PALS.HLP in
        the directory specified by PALS and, failing that, in the
        current directory. The same holds true for the kernel and
        archive files, unless a successful override supersedes the PALS
        default.

        PALS is set in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file in the same manner as PATH
        (it can also be set from the DOS prompt at any time). Using our
        example directory, you would include this string in
        AUTOEXEC.BAT:  set pals=c:\pals . Beware of the use of spaces
        after the equal sign - DOS includes spaces in a variable's
        specification and, if you are not careful, it is possible to
        create two different variables with contents differing only by a
        space. This becomes important if you later wish to remove the
        PALS default while temporarily working in another directory.
        Removal is accomplished by typing  set pals=  followed
        immediately by a carriage return (the Enter key). DataScope will
        honor both formats, so you may choose the most comfortable
        syntax, but be consistent.


        Your AUTOEXEC.BAT Contents
        --------------------------

        As discussed above, you will want to include a PATH and possibly
        a PALS specification in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Both inclusions
        are elective, but recommended to increase the power of DataScope
        and decrease the potential for confusion.


                                      2-4

                                                           Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

        Your CONFIG.SYS Contents
        ------------------------

        DataScope will access up to five files at one time during normal
        operation. Provisions must be made in DOS to accommodate this
        need by setting the number of files allowed open at once to some
        number greater than five. Today's software generally demands
        even more than this for database operations and other disk
        intensive applications, so it is unlikely that you have not
        already increased this limit. It is worth checking, however, and
        to avoid problems with other applications we recommend the more
        usual twenty files. Therefore, edit your current CONFIG.SYS file
        to contain  files=20 .

        Also of concern as a performance issue is the number of disk
        buffers DOS allocates in memory. The IBM default values for XT
        and AT class machines are two and three, respectively. Everyone
        knows that this is ridiculous; more useful values are ten and
        twenty, respectively, unless you are using disk caching
        software. Therefore, edit your current CONFIG.SYS file to
        contain  buffers=10  if you are using an XT, and  buffers=20  if
        you are using an AT. If you have disk caching software
        installed, follow the software developer's guidelines as to the
        correct number of buffers.


        SERIAL PORT CABLING
        -------------------

        DataScope is sold with a Modulink cable set but is also capable
        of using cables from BreakOut-II(tm) and Serialtest(tm). More
        information on the compatibility modes is available in the bound
        manual delivered with registered copies of DataScope.


        Modulink Cables
        ---------------

        There are two types of Modulink cables, which can be
        distinguished as the RS-232 connector and the AutoMate RJ-45
        connector versions. The electrical difference between these
        cables is discussed at length in the bound manual.

        Both cables are identical in that they are used for all
        monitoring modes. Monitoring is a passive activity and means
        that only the receive data and signal input lines of the serial
        ports are active. In fact, the data transmit line is not even
        connected, so interactive transmission is not possible using
        either Modulink cable tap.



                                      2-5

        Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

           RS-232 Cable Tap (Monitor Modes)
           --------------------------------

        Most likely, you will purchase DataScope with the RS-232 cable
        tap. This tap has two DB-25 connectors moulded together with two
        eight-wire telephone type cables exiting from the side of the
        moulded hood. The ends of the eight-wire cables are terminated
        with RJ-45 male plug ends, which look like large, but familiar,
        RJ-11 telephone jacks. Each jack carries data and signals for a
        specific side (source) of an RS-232 conversation. The source
        labels are located near the RJ-45 male plug ends for easy
        identification.

        These two male plugs snap securely into the two RJ-45 connector
        shells supplied with the cable. The shells are source
        independent; it makes no difference which shell is used on what
        serial port in your computer. Each eight wire cable determines
        the proper source electrically. In addition, DataScope utilizes
        automatic source detection and labelling, so there is no need to
        worry about which serial port carries what source unless you
        have a preference or specific requirement.

        The RS-232 DB-25 connectors should easily splice the cable you
        are using in your test system. The cable can be spliced into the
        test system at any point in the RS-232 cable; the orientation of
        the male/female connectors is completely irrelevant. If you are
        interested in monitoring only one device, the tap cable can sit
        on the free end of an RS-232 cable, or plug directly into the
        serial port of the device under test.


           AutoMate RJ-45 Cable Tap (Monitor Modes)
           ----------------------------------------

        The RJ-45 cable tap is compatible with the extremely clever
        eight-wire interlink standard called AutoMate which was
        developed by ComTek Corporation. Paladin Software, Inc. is an
        authorized distributor of AutoMate products; we can supply you
        with literature or fill orders for this useful product that will
        revolutionize (and simplify) the way we connect serial devices.

        The AutoMate Modulink cable tap operates almost identically to
        its RS-232 cousin except for the lack of Ring Indicator support.
        Physically, the receptacle cube contains two female RJ-45
        sockets which act as a normal eight-wire splice. Like the RS-232
        tap, the cube has two eight-wire telephone type cables issuing
        from its side. The eight-wire cable ends are terminated with RJ-
        45 male plug ends, which look like large, but familiar, RJ-11
        telephone jacks. Each jack carries data and signals for a
        specific side (source) of an RS-232 conversation. The source
        labels are located near the RJ-45 male plug ends for easy
        identification.
                                      2-6

                                                           Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

        These two male plugs snap securely into the two RJ-45 connector
        shells supplied with the cable. The shells are source
        independent; it makes no difference which shell is used on what
        serial port in your computer. Each eight-wire cable determines
        the proper source electrically. In addition, DataScope utilizes
        automatic source detection and labelling, so there is no need to
        worry about which serial port carries what source unless you
        have a preference or specific requirement.

        Unlike the RS-232 cable tap, the cube must be oriented to
        connect with the proper source. The female RJ-45 receptacle
        labeled DTE must be connected to the device acting as the DTE
        source in the conversation. Similarly, the DCE receptacle must
        connect to the DCE source. If there is no true (or known)
        distinction between sources (this is quite often the case -
        consider a PC, which is a DTE, connected to another PC, or a
        printer) then the cube orientation is irrelevant. Cube
        orientation only affects signal integrity, not data integrity or
        electrical compatibility. This situation is further examined in
        the Cable Type field descriptions in the bound manual.


        Interactive Cables
        ------------------

        As mentioned earlier, the passive monitor cables are not usable
        for interactive transmissions since the transmit data line of
        the serial ports is not connected. To utilize interactive mode,
        you must connect a normal RS-232 or AutoMate cable between the
        serial port you wish to transmit from and the device under test.
        Interactive mode is available on both serial ports. You can
        interactively transmit from either port, albeit not
        simultaneously, but this will require the use of two separate
        cables, or some legwork to the back of your computer to change
        ports.

















                                      2-7

        Configuration
        ________________________________________________________________

        Shareware Cables
        ----------------

        For the purposes of evaluation, it is unlikely that you will
        need a monitoring cable. All functions (except true dual-sided
        conversation monitoring) can be demonstrated using interactive
        cables, a second computer and a little ingenuity. If you feel
        that dual-sided conversation monitoring is vital, however, a
        diagram showing the data connections for a dual-port monitoring
        RS-232 cable is contained in the CABLE.DOC file.

        CABLE.DOC can be copied to your printer or examined with a text
        editor. Connections are shown both diagrammatically and in a
        pinout list. The shell to shell connections are for automatic
        source detection and can be omitted if this feature is not
        desired. Pinouts for both DB-25 (XT class) and DE-9 (AT class)
        shells are included. For greatest utility, the RS-232 cable that
        the shells tap into should have different gender connectors at
        each end.

        Connections for signal information are not shown in the
        CABLE.DOC diagram. Therefore, signal information will only be
        valid while using the interactive mode along with a standard
        RS-232 cable.




























                                      2-8



                       CHAPTER THREE - SETUP BASICS
                       ----------------------------



        Chapters one through three are designed to be read in sequence -
        be sure to read chapters one and two before continuing with this
        chapter. It is not necessary to implement every suggested
        enhancement in chapter two - just be aware of their impact on
        system performance.

        This chapter will focus on the minimum setup knowledge required
        to get DataScope doing some useful work.


        DATASCOPE HOT KEYS
        ------------------

        The fastest means of program control relies upon predefined Hot
        keys that directly access setup screens and directly execute
        archive functions. There are eight setup screens organized
        around related functions. Figure 3-2 contains a list of menu
        items and their related Hot key combinations, if any.

        Figure 3-1 contains a pocket reference listing the Hot keys and
        their related activities. Keep a copy of this page next to your
        terminal or in your pocket as a quick reference. A similar list
        can be viewed by pressing the F10 function key whenever the main
        status screen is visible.


        Hot Key Execution
        -----------------

        Using Hot keys is extremely simple - press and hold the Alt key
        while pressing the letter key indicated by the Hot key name.
        Release the keys in any order. Hot keys are active at all times
        (even during field editing), with one exception. The Interactive
        display requires that you specifically exit interactive mode
        using the End key before Hot keys are reactivated. Have no fear
        of Hot keys - DataScope will automatically back out of whatever
        mode, display or procedure is in progress until reaching the
        main status screen, before executing a Hot key function.

        Hot key activations unilaterally deactivate archiving when
        executed. There are no exceptions to this rule! Even the archive
        enabling functions (Alt-F or Freshen, Alt-E or Enable, and Alt-M
        or Match) will first terminate archiving (if in progress) before
        activating the commanded archive mode.




                                      3-1

        Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

                         Setup Screen Function Keys
                         --------------------------

        F1  Setup screen function activation (unique to each screen).
        F2  Setup screen function activation (unique to each screen).
        F3  File viewer (Archive, Kernel, and Interactive setup
                screens).
        F4  through  F8  are undefined.
        F9  Toggle current communications port selection on status
                screen.
        F10 Display Quick Reference Guide when the main status screen
                is visible.

                               Hot Key Summary
                               ---------------

        Alt-C   Capture Mode Triggering Setup screen.  Fields: Port,
                Swing Buffers, Trigger Pattern, Chunk Size, Capturing,
                Occurrences, Capture Count.
        Alt-A   Archive Setup screen.  Fields: Filename, Path, Drive
                Letter, Extension Filter, Length, Chunk Size, Archiving,
                Auto Halt.
        Alt-P   Port Parameters setup screen.  Fields: Port, Baud Rate,
                User Baud, Parity, Stop Bits, Data Bits, RTS, DTR, OUT1,
                OUT2, Line Break.
        Alt-T   Translation Editor screen.  Fields: Port, Character,
                Attributes, Translation String, Mode, Number Base, Low,
                High.
        Alt-I   Interactive File Setup screen.  Fields: Filename, Path,
                Drive Letter, Extension Filter.
        Alt-K   Kernel File Setup screen.  Fields: Filename, Path, Drive
                Letter, Extension Filter.
        Alt-O   Options Setup screen.  Fields: Video Mode, Control-C
                Response, Slow Live Displays, Screen Saver Delay.
        Alt-V   Interrupt Vector Configuration screen.  Fields: Port,
                Base Address, IRQ Number, Installed, Cable Type, Event
                Mask, Time Stamping, Device Assignments.
        Alt-H   Context sensitive Help.
        Ctrl-C  Direct program Cancel (if enabled in the Options Setup
                screen).
        Alt-M   Enable Match (capture) mode to trigger on the current
                Trigger Pattern string.
        Alt-F   Activate archive mode with a Fresh archive file
                (previous contents are lost).
        Alt-E   Enable archive mode using the current archive file
                (retain old contents).
        Alt-D   Disable all forms of archiving regardless of the
                initiating method.
        Alt-S   Reduce DataScope memory usage to a minimum and exit to
                a DOS Shell.

                                Figure 3-1
                         DATASCOPE POCKET REFERENCE

                                                            Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

        Hot Key Mnemonics
        -----------------

        Each Hot key name is mnemonically devised to aid memorization.
        Here is a list of the mnemonic roots for the eight setup screen
        Hot keys, five modal Hot keys, and two function Hot keys:


           Setup Screen Hot Keys
           ---------------------

        Alt-C   stands for Capture and activates the Capture Mode
                Triggering Setup screen.
        Alt-A   stands for Archive and activates the Archive Setup
                screen.
        Alt-P   stands for Ports and activates the Port Parameters
                screen.
        Alt-T   stands for Translations and activates the Translation
                Editor screen.
        Alt-I   stands for Interactive and activates the Interactive
                File Setup screen.
        Alt-K   stands for Kernels and activates the Kernel File Setup
                screen.
        Alt-O   stands for Options and activates the Options Setup
                screen.
        Alt-V   stands for Vectors and activates the Interrupt Vector
                Configuration screen.


           Modal Hot Keys
           --------------

        Alt-M   stands for Match and enables the capture mode pattern
                match triggering.
        Alt-F   stands for Freshen and enables a fresh archive without
                pattern matching, destroying any previous data in the
                archive file.
        Alt-E   stands for Enable and enables the archive append mode,
                placing new data in the current archive file after the
                current archive data.
        Alt-D   stands for Disable and disables whatever mode of
                archiving or capturing is enabled, if any.
        Alt-S   stands for Shell and immediately reduces DataScope's
                memory requirements to the minimum, and enters a DOS shell
                with a copy of the previous environment information.







                                      3-3

        Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

           Function Hot Keys
           -----------------

        Alt-H   stands for Help, and displays context sensitive help
                from any mode.
        Ctrl-C  stands for the Control-C key combination and is
                technically a Hot key, although its program exit function
                is somewhat anomalous.


        DATASCOPE MENUS
        ---------------

        The DataScope menu line at the bottom of the screen provides
        simple, quick access to the setup screens and displays.
        Execution of a menu item can be accomplished in two ways: Press
        the first letter of any displayed menu item to instantly
        activate its function, or move the inverse cursor selection box
        (using the Left or Right arrow keys) to cover the desired menu
        item and press the Enter key.

        Three menu selections in the top menu level (this level is
        identified by the presence of the Quit selection on the right-
        hand side, and the absence of an Esc selection on the left-hand
        side) enter secondary menu levels containing more menu choices.
        The menu trees of these three selections are graphically
        depicted in Figure 3-2. When Hot key direct access is available
        for a particular secondary menu item, the Hot key combination
        follows the menu item name.

        Executing the Esc menu item in any menu level will retrace to
        the previous (parent) menu level. Only the History menu occupies
        a tertiary menu level, so unless you are in the History display,
        executing Esc will always return you to the top-level menu line.


















                                      3-4

                                                            Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________


        +--------------------------------------------------------------+
        |                   Menu Command Tree                          |
        |                   -----------------                          |
        |                                                              |
        | Displays             Archive             Configure           |
        |    |                    |                    |               |
        |    +-History            +-PathSpec           +-Ports         |
        |    |    |               |    Alt-A           |    Alt-P      |
        |    |    +-GoTo          +-Triggering         +-Interrupts    |
        |    |    +-Byte Scan     |    Alt-C           |    Alt-V      |
        |    |    +-String match  +-Match (capture)    +-Translations  |
        |    |    +-Cursor        |    Alt-M           |    Alt-T      |
        |    |                    +-Freshen            +-Kernels       |
        |    +-Capture            |    Alt-F           |    Alt-K      |
        |    +-Single             +-Disable            +-Xmit files    |
        |    +-Dual               |    Alt-D           |    Alt-I      |
        |    +-Mixed              +-Enable             +-Options       |
        |    +-Alternating        |    Alt-E                Alt-O      |
        |    +-Interactive        +-Shell                              |
        |    +-Port                    Alt-S                           |
        +--------------------------------------------------------------+

                                 Figure 3-2


        Exiting Datascope
        -----------------

        There are two methods of terminating DataScope:


           Quit Menu Selection
           -------------------

        The top menu level contains an item named Quit. Press Q to
        activate this selection and receive a verification prompt that
        asks if you are sure you wish to exit to DOS. "Yes" is the
        default answer to this question, and you can proceed to exit by
        pressing the Enter key to accept the default, or the Y key to
        directly indicate affirmative. If you activated the Quit
        function accidentally, press any key besides Enter or Y to
        indicate that you do not wish to exit to DOS.









                                      3-5

        Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

           Control-C Hot Key Option
           ------------------------

        The Ctrl-C combination offers a direct means of terminating
        DataScope from any mode within the application (except the
        Interactive display). Just as with the Alt key combinations,
        press and hold the Ctrl key while pressing the C key. Release
        the keys in any order.

        To enable the direct exit method, enter the Options Setup screen
        via the Options menu item in the Configuration menu (a secondary
        menu), or press Alt-O while in any mode. Edit the Control-C
        Response field to contain "Quit" using the editing procedures
        explained below.


        SETUP SCREEN FIELD EDITING
        --------------------------

        Probably the only text read less often than a manual is on-line
        help. But the keys to successful field editing are USING the
        Alt-H Hot key, and READING the field help bar located at the
        bottom of every setup screen.

        Alt-H provides context sensitive help that is cognizant of the
        active setup screen and the type of field you are attempting to
        edit. When in doubt about what to do, press Alt-H. If you are
        looking at a setup screen, and have not entered a field for
        editing when you press Alt-H, you will get help about the
        various fields and their contents. If you have actually entered
        a field for editing purposes (by pressing the letter key
        associated with the field), you will get help on the specific
        field type - what characters are expected and how to enter them.

        In addition, whenever you enter a field for editing, the setup
        screen field help bar changes to inform you about the field
        type, its entry methods, and legal input values.


        Field Selection
        ---------------

        Every setup screen uses an identical field selection technique.
        Related fields are grouped together, and every field has a
        corresponding letter. For example, the Port Parameters setup
        screen has fields lettered A through K. The letter associated
        with a field has no meaning with respect to the contents or
        function of the field - it merely identifies which letter key
        activates the editing function for that particular field. When
        you press a field's letter key (case is irrelevant), a flashing
        cursor should appear in the field or at the right-hand end,
        depending upon the type of field you have selected.
                                      3-6

                                                            Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

        The presence of the flashing cursor indicates that field editing
        is in progress and, if the cursor is inside the inverse field
        box, the field location that is being edited. If the cursor
        appears outside of the inverse field box at the right hand edge,
        you have elected to edit a predefined list of choices. Lack of a
        cursor presence indicates that field selection has not occurred.
        All of these states are identified in each setup screen's field
        help bar, located in the bottom letter box.

        Press Esc or Enter to exit a field after completing your edits,
        or to simply leave a field without changing its contents.


        Field Entry Methods
        -------------------

        There are several distinct field types which expect different
        input and have specific editing methods available. All field
        types have one thing in common - they all use some subset of the
        editing function key superset (summarized below) to enter data:

        Home - Place the cursor at the start of the string.
        Tab - Clear (blank) the entire field and home the cursor.
        End - Place the cursor at the end of the string.
        Ins - Toggle the insert mode (an insert indicator will appear in
                the lower right hand corner of the screen if the insert
                mode is active).
        Del - Delete the character underneath the cursor.
        Right - Move the cursor one character to the right or revolve a
                list of field items upward, wrapping around at the top of
                the list.
        Left - Move the cursor one character to the left or revolve a
                list of field items downward, wrapping around at the
                bottom of the list.
        Up - Revolve the list of field items upward, wrapping around at
                the top of the list. While editing a hybrid string, move
                the cursor up into the numeric portion of the field.
        Down - Revolve the list of field items downward, wrapping around
                at the bottom of the list. While editing a hybrid string,
                move the cursor down into the character string portion of
                the field.
        Backspace - Back up one character, remove it and drag the
                remainder of the string, if any.
        Spacebar - Revolve a list of field items upward, wrapping around
                at the top of the list.
        Enter - Accept the current string and exit the field edit mode.
                An exit is not performed by this key when entering numeric
                values in the hybrid string entry method. Instead, the
                numerical character value from the numeric subfield is
                inserted at the current cursor position in the string
                subfield.
        Esc - Accept the current string and exit the field edit mode.
                                      3-7

        Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

           Predefined Lists
           ----------------

        Many setup options are restricted to a predefined set of values.
        These sets are contained in revolving lists that step through
        all members of the set sequentially using the arrow keys or
        Spacebar. Up and Right revolve the lists in the upward direction
        like Spacebar, while Down and Left revolve lists downward. Enter
        and Esc both accept the currently displayed contents of the
        field and exit the field editing mode.


           Alphanumeric Strings
           --------------------

        String editing utilizes the broadest subset of the editing
        function keys. All keys in the above list are operational except
        Up and Down (after all, strings are not revolving lists).
        Furthermore, the revolving activities of Spacebar, Left and
        Right are not enabled - Spacebar creates a space, and both arrow
        keys move the cursor within the field of alphanumeric
        characters.


           Numeric Values
           --------------

        Fields that require numerical entries operate identically to
        alphanumeric strings, as far as editing is concerned. Of course,
        alpha characters are not accepted into the field, and value
        limits are occasionally imposed upon the edited result (Enter
        and Esc will beep and refuse to exit the editing mode if the
        entered value is not within the proper field limits). Whenever
        value limits are applicable they are displayed in the help bar
        during field editing.


           Hybrid Strings
           --------------

        In order to satisfy the need to include control characters (such
        as the codes returned by the Enter key or the Backspace key) in
        alphanumeric strings, it is necessary to offer a numeric means
        of entering individual characters into field strings. The hybrid
        string entry method addresses this requirement by presenting two
        co-active fields; one is numeric and the other is alphanumeric.
        Each subfield can be selected using the Up and Down arrow keys.
        The location of the cursor indicates which subfield is active.




                                      3-8

                                                            Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

        The numeric subfield is number base sensitive (number base is
        set in the Translation Editor screen), inserting its numeric
        value into the alphanumeric subfield whenever the Enter key is
        depressed. This deviates from the normal field Enter behavior of
        accepting the current field contents and exiting the field
        editing mode. Esc retains its normal field editing behavior of
        exiting the field editing mode, regardless of the active
        subfield.

        The alphanumeric subfield operates exactly like a normal
        alphanumeric string field with the single addition of the Up
        arrow key, which moves the cursor into the numeric subfield
        above the alphanumeric subfield, making the numeric subfield the
        active field.


        Port Specific Fields
        --------------------

        The majority of fields are port-specific, which is to say that
        they contain a separate value or setting for each communications
        port. The Port field is always located in the upper left hand
        corner of setup screens. Its presence indicates that one or more
        subordinate fields are port-specific. Altering the setting of
        the Port field immediately causes any port-specific fields in
        the screen to display the correct value or setting for the
        current port. You can toggle back and forth while editing the
        Port field to see the differences between the various port-
        dependent field contents.

        Most setup problems involve a failure to check or setup both
        port values for a field. When only one port is in use, it is
        possible to alter the setting for the wrong port. Be sure to
        read the list of basic setup fields (presented in the next
        section and listed in Table 3-1), and check both port values for
        each field. Changing Port in one setup screen will select that
        port for the entire program. Conversely, changing the port for
        live display purposes (using the Port menu item or the F9
        function key), will also select that port for setup purposes.


        BASIC SETUP LIST
        ----------------

        Table 3-1 contains a list of the basic fields (and their setup
        screens) most likely to need inspection and/or alteration in
        order to tailor DataScope to your testing situation. Remember to
        edit the fields for both ports (or the correct port if you are
        only monitoring one port). The first two setup screens must have
        their fields correctly set for any monitoring to work. The last
        two setup screens must have their fields correctly set if you
        wish to perform data archiving and historic data display.
                                      3-9

        Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________


        +---------+--------------------+---------------+---------------+
        | HOT KEY |    SETUP SCREEN    |    FIELDS     |     SCOPE     |
        +---------+--------------------+---------------+---------------+
        |  Alt-P  | Port Parameters    | Baud Rate     | Port-specific |
        |         |                    | Parity        | Port-specific |
        |         |                    | Stop Bits     | Port-specific |
        |         |                    | Data Bits     | Port-specific |
        +---------+--------------------+---------------+---------------+
        |  Alt-V  | Interrupt Vector   | Installed     | Port-specific |
        |         | Configuration      | Event Mask    | Port-specific |
        |         |                    | Time Stamping | Systemic      |
        +---------+--------------------+---------------+---------------+
        |  Alt-A  | Archive Setup      | Filename      | Systemic      |
        |         |                    | Path          | Systemic      |
        |         |                    | Drive Letter  | Systemic      |
        |         |                    | Length        | Systemic      |
        +---------+--------------------+---------------+---------------+
        |  Alt-T  | Translation Editor | Mode          | Port-specific |
        |         |                    | Number Base   | Systemic      |
        +---------+--------------------+---------------+---------------+

                                  Table 3-1

        The Port Parameters must be set to agree with the communication
        parameters under test.

        The Installed field must show "Yes" for each port that you wish
        to be active in the monitoring process. This field controls the
        installation of port interrupt vectors. Event Mask must contain
        "Data" or "Data+Signals" to allow an interrupt to recognize and
        collect data characters only, or data characters and signal
        changes, respectively. The third setting of this field (labelled
        "Signals") only allows an interrupt to detect signal changes on
        the port channel - data is ignored. Both Installed and Event
        Mask are port-specific - set them individually for both ports.

        When you wish to collect a conversation in an historic archive,
        you must set the Archive Setup fields to indicate the correct
        archive file. If the file already exists in the specified
        directory (specified by the Filename and Path fields), use F1 to
        select it without alteration. If the file does not exist or you
        wish to change its Length, use F2 to select and resize, or
        create and size the file.

        Once you have collected data into an archive file, you can view
        it using the History display. The Translation Editor fields Mode
        and Number Base effect the method of data display. Mode
        determines whether the characters display with "ASCII" or
        "Numeric" strings. Number Base selects "Octal," "Decimal" or
        "Hex" as the current display and input number base. Mode is
        port-specific, while Number Base is systemic.
                                     3-10

                                                            Setup Basics
        ________________________________________________________________

        Device Assignments
        ------------------

        If you did not include the shell-to-shell connections when
        making the shareware cable, and the Device Assignments field in
        the Interrupt Vector Configuration screen is set to "Auto",
        DataScope will display ??? as source names (under the Device
        heading in the main status screen), instead of DTE and DCE (see
        Figure 3-4). Question marks will also appear in the source
        specific displays in place of the usual source names. This is
        not a malfunction, nor is it indicative of a fatal error
        condition - it merely means that DataScope has not been told
        which cable or port represents what device in the conversation.
        You can fix this situation by purchasing and/or installing the
        auto-sensing cables, or by directly specifying the device names
        with the Device Assignments field. Correct device assignment
        only has an impact upon signal integrity.



































                                     3-11



                       CHAPTER FOUR - ADVANCED TOPICS
                       ------------------------------


        Because of the thoroughness with which the bound manual covers
        advanced topics, we must distill over seven chapters of
        information into this one chapter. Otherwise, this file would be
        close to half a million bytes long! As a result, the following
        treatments are often cursory, and many topics from the manual
        are not covered at all.


        HELP
        ----

        Alt-H will summon context sensitive help in all modes and under
        all conditions except within help itself. Help inquiries while a
        command menu is visible will explain the highlighted menu
        selection. Help inquiries within setup screens will help on the
        purpose and fields of the setup screen displayed. Help inquiries
        while editing setup screen fields will help on field editing
        procedures and the field's expected input.

        F10 will summon Quick Help only while the main status screen is
        visible or a live display is active (History is not considered a
        live display).


        LIVE DISPLAYS
        -------------

        Several live display options are available to tailor the
        screen/data view to the type of conversation under
        investigation. In general, these displays vary the format of
        source relationships to increase the ease of source
        identification. The character sets are preset with different
        attributes for each source to further distinguish sources.


        CAPTURE DISPLAY
        ---------------

        The capture display can be used to monitor the amount of data in
        the swing buffers and archive file. This is a real-time display
        but can also be used when there are no incoming characters.
        Certain situations of archive overrun can be detected using this
        display.






                                      4-1

                                                         Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        HISTORY DISPLAY
        ---------------

        This display will show the contents of the current archive file
        (a file must be selected) with two active, timestamped cursors
        (if time stamping was enabled when the data was archived).
        Several analysis aids are available, such as GoTo, Byte Scan and
        String Match. Statistics are indicated in record numbers from
        the physical start of the archive file (even if wrap-around has
        occurred).


        History Function Keys
        ---------------------

        The function key operations described below are available only
        while the History display is visible. The single exception is
        the F9 port selection operation which is available at other
        times, as well. Function key operations are defined as single
        keystroke actions that are performed immediately. Menu
        selections and their activities are not included in this class
        of operations.


           History Cursor Functions
           ------------------------

        Two cursors (a and b) are visible whenever the history display
        is entered. Each cursor is independently operated using the Left
        and Right arrow keys. The current cursor affected by the arrow
        key functions is indicated by the inverse video box over the
        cursor letters in the upper left-hand corner of the display. You
        can toggle the current cursor selection using the F9 function or
        the Cursor menu selection. The "a" cursor is initially in the
        upper left-hand corner of the data display window, while the "b"
        cursor is initially placed in the lower right-hand corner of the
        window.

        NOTE: The cursors are not directly related to a specific source
        or port. Both cursors will operate on data from either port.

        Left arrow keystrokes will move the current cursor one data
        character left, wrapping upwards at the beginning of a line. If
        the cursor is indicating the first character in the screen when
        Left is pressed, the entire display will be redrawn from one
        character back in the data archive.

        Right arrow keystrokes will move the current cursor one data
        character right, wrapping downwards at the end of a line. If the
        cursor is indicating the last character in the screen when Right
        is pressed, the entire display will be redrawn from the second
        display character.


                                      4-2

        Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        Up arrow keystrokes move the cursor up approximately one line.
        Total accuracy is not possible given the varying character
        display string lengths, so DataScope will estimate one line's
        worth of characters. If the cursor is in the top line pair of
        characters when Up is pressed, the entire display will be
        redrawn from the previous line of archive data.

        Down arrow keystrokes move the current cursor down approximately
        one line. Again, total accuracy is not achieved, and the cursor
        may not move exactly one line at a time. If the cursor indicates
        the last display character when Down is pressed, the entire
        display is redrawn starting from the data on the display's
        second line pair.

        PgUp and PgDn redraw the display using data from the previous
        and next pages of archive data, respectively. The cursors are
        placed in their default positions: The "a" cursor is placed in
        the upper left-hand corner of the screen, and the "b" cursor is
        placed in the lower right-hand corner of the screen.

        Home and End move the currently selected cursor to the start and
        end of the display page, respectively.


           History Special Functions
           -------------------------

        F1 and F2 cooperate to calculate the effective baud rate (which
        is a measure of line utilization) on the inclusive data between
        the two cursor positions (technically, only one end point is
        included in the calculation of the number of characters, e.g.
        selecting adjacent characters is indicative of one data
        character transmitted during the inter-character gap). F1
        calculates the effective baud rate based upon the number of
        characters between the two cursors, the data rate and UART
        parameters (number of data bits, stop bits, parity bits) at the
        time of the archive storage, and the F2 selection. F2 selects
        either one or both of the data sources for inclusion in the
        calculation of the number of characters when determining the
        effective baud rate.

        F9 functions identically to the Cursor menu selection, toggling
        the current data cursor selection. The new selection is
        indicated by the inverse cursor box over the "a" or "b" cursor
        letters in the upper left-hand corner of the screen.









                                      4-3

                                                         Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        History Menu Selections
        -----------------------

        More complex activities that require setup and initialization,
        such as search functions, are accessed from menu selections.
        Both port dependent and port independent searches are available.
        The menu items act identically to normal menu items, vis-a-vis
        first letter selection and use of the arrow and Enter keys.


           GoTo
           ----

        Often it is necessary to reference a data byte location for
        future examination. The lower left-hand corner of the display
        contains "a" and "b" cursor record numbers in the status line
        box. As you move the cursors, these record numbers are
        automatically updated, which, in conjunction with the GoTo
        function, provide a simple means of returning to a particular
        byte location in the archive.

        Activating the GoTo function enters the character position entry
        field screen. Instructions in the status line box include the
        upper and lower limits of the current archive's record numbers.
        Numerical entry of the record number (position) is expected in
        decimal regardless of the current number base (record numbers
        are always tracked in decimal for simplicity).

        After entering a valid record number, press Enter to activate
        the GoTo function. The entry screen will be replaced by the
        original History display, and the data window will be rewritten
        with data starting from the requested position. Esc will exit
        the entry field and entry screen without activating the GoTo
        function (in case you change your mind after activating the GoTo
        setup screen).


           Byte Scan
           ---------

        The byte scan mechanism is port independent, which means that
        the current port selection does not influence the scan. Data
        from both ports is scanned for the correct value, and the first
        "hit" is used as the new History display starting point. The
        scan will wrap around the end of the archive file and continue
        until a character is found, or until one complete scan of the
        data has been performed. A scan in progress can be aborted at
        any time by pressing Esc.

        Activate the Byte scan menu entry to alter the character value
        sought by the scan mechanism. Entry is always in the current
        number base, and the character display string is echoed below
        the entry field to verify (in the case of special or unprintable
        ASCII codes) the desired value.
                                      4-4

        Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        Press Enter after editing the string to activate the scan. The
        entry screen will be replaced by the original History display,
        and if the character is found, the data window will be re-
        written from the newly found data byte. Esc will terminate the
        field entry mode and close the entry screen without activating
        the data character scan function, allowing a penalty free exit.


           String Match
           ------------

        String matching is a port-specific function, which means that
        the current port at the time you activate the String match
        function determines:

                a) The previous string search data (the search data for
                each port is memorized to allow repeated searching). In
                other words, the contents of the string match entry field.

                b) The port (source) data to search for the next
                occurrence of the search string. String matching searches
                the data from one specific source, even if data is present
                and interleaved from both ports.

        The search will wrap around the end of the archive file and
        continue until a match is found, or until one complete scan of
        the data has been performed. A search in progress can be aborted
        by pressing Esc. When a match is found, the display is re-
        written from the first byte in the matching string. The current
        cursor is forced to the "a" cursor to prevent inadvertent motion
        of the "b" cursor from scrolling the display.

        Activate the String match menu entry to input the search string.
        Entry is accomplished with the divided hybrid entry method to
        allow a string of any binary values. Use the Up and Down arrow
        keys to select the entry method, and edit the string to contain
        the desired values.

        The upper hybrid subfield will allow numeric entry in the
        current number base. Press Enter while in this subfield to place
        the numeric field equivalent into the string at the current
        string subfield cursor position (denoted by the display arrow).
        Press Enter while in the string subfield, to accept the current
        string and initiate the search function. Esc will terminate
        either hybrid entry mode and close the String match entry screen
        without activating the string search function.








                                      4-5

                                                         Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        PORT SETUP
        ----------

        Remember to keep OUT2 "Asserted" to enable interrupts on IBM
        compatible adapters. A summary of the port settings appears in
        the main status screen and the Port Parameters setup screen.

        Baud rates can be set in two ways. Standard rates are set in the
        Baud Rate field. One of the standard selections is User, which
        activates the User Baud field. Input the non-standard rate you
        desire and it will automatically be forced to the NEAREST actual
        baud rate supported by the hardware.


        VECTOR SETUP
        ------------

        DataScope comes pre-configured to utilize the normal Com1 and
        Com2 interrupt vectors and base addresses. The Interrupt Vector
        Configuration setup screen allows alteration of the defaults as
        well as other interrupt related options. Be extremely careful
        when altering the Base Address or IRQ Number fields - incorrect
        setup could cause a system crash! NOTE: If you inadvertently
        crash the system, reboot and execute pals with an interrupt
        disable switch (-I, -i, /I, and /i will all work). This will
        prevent interrupt installation to allow correction of the Base
        Address and/or IRQ Number fields.

        Cable Type selection will depend upon the type of monitoring you
        do and your personal preference for cabling options. For
        interactive connections (regardless of the cable system used)
        select Interactive. If you are using a cable you manufactured
        following the CABLE.DOC diagram, use the Modulink selection.

        Choose the Event Mask based upon the information that interests
        you. This selection must be made for each port. "Data+Signals"
        is a safe bet for most applications, but you can reduce overhead
        for high-throughput conditions by selecting "Data" (the
        interrupt routines are replaced at the vector level to avoid
        testing overhead and maximize efficiency). "Signals" will accept
        signal changes (cable dependent) from the respective port but
        ignore data.

        Time stamps can be enabled or disabled. Preventing time stamping
        has two effects - reduced overhead (once again, interrupts are
        replaced at the vector level to eliminate testing overhead) and
        increased storage capacity of the archive files (by a factor of
        two). We recommend using time stamps whenever possible, however,
        as they are extremely useful.





                                      4-6

        Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        Device Assignments can be forced or read from the smart cables
        (Modulink and Serialtest). BreakOut-II requires Com1=DCE and
        Com2=DTE.


        ARCHIVE SETUP
        -------------

        Archive files can be created, selected, reused, re-sized and
        viewed from disk. The important distinction to keep in mind is
        the difference between F1 and F2. Function F1 will select a
        previously created and/or used file as the current file. The
        file's original length will be used regardless of the Length
        field contents. F2 will re-size the selected file to the value
        contained in the Length field. Both functions create files (if
        you wish) that cannot be found as specified using the Length
        field to determine the new file's length.

        Read the Technical Information section in the third page of the
        Archive Setup help screens for information on setting the Chunk
        and Length fields.


        CAPTURE SETUP
        -------------

        In order to capture specific data, complete the following
        necessary steps before initiating the data capture mode.

          I.  Insure that there is a current archive file. The filespec
                is displayed in the main status screen and the Archive
                Setup screen.
         II.  Enter a Trigger Pattern in the Capture Mode Triggering
                Setup screen for the source port of interest. Verify that
                the length is correct after entering the string text.
        III.  Set Occurrences for the number of Trigger Patterns you
                wish to detect before entering the Capture Count
                countdown.
         IV.  Set Capture Count to the number of chunks to archive
                after receipt of the final occurrence of the Trigger
                Pattern.
          V.  Set the Chunk Size to the size desired (keeping in mind
                the archive Length, Capture Count value, and the
                situation's data rates and throughput).
         VI.  Increase the number of Swing Buffers to the maximum
                supported by your available memory.








                                      4-7

                                                         Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

                              FUNCTION CONTROL
                              ----------------


        DATA ARCHIVE
        ------------

        Once an archive file is specified, the archiving process is
        quite simple. There are several ways to initiate archiving and
        many archiving options. To initiate an archive:

          I.  Press Alt-F to freshen the archive (overwriting old data).
         II.  Press Alt-E to enable the archive (appending new data to
                the contents of the archive file).
        III.  Select Freshen or Enable from the Configuration menu line
                (functionally equivalent to the Hot keys Alt-F and Alt-E,
                respectively).
         IV.  Edit the Archiving field in the Archive Setup screen to
                Enabled and exit the Archive Setup screen.

        One special feature deserves mention. Archive enable is designed
        to allow taking a snapshot of the contents of the swing buffers
        without constantly running the archive in the background. All
        data in the buffers will be saved to the archive if the archive
        is completely empty. Newly created archives are empty as are
        archives that have been freshened and disabled without receiving
        characters during the two operations.


        DATA CAPTURE
        ------------

        Data capture can be started up in three ways, all of which are
        analogous to the archive start up methods:

          I.  Press Alt-M to initiate the match (capture) mode.
         II.  Select Match (capture) from the Configuration menu line,
                which is functionally equivalent to the Hot key Alt-M.
        III.  Edit the Capturing field in the Capture Mode Triggering
                Setup screen to Enabled and exit the Capture Mode
                Triggering Setup screen.

        Capture mode always clears the old data from a used archive
        file. The port that is current at the time capturing is enabled
        determines which port's Trigger Pattern is used as the trigger
        definition.








                                      4-8

        Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        TRANSLATION STRING EDITING
        --------------------------

        Editing procedures are discussed separately, but functions can
        be combined. For example, attribute and string editing can occur
        in the same session, but will be discussed individually for
        maximum clarity.

        While following the step by step procedures for each type of
        alteration, keep in mind that the changes instituted will apply
        only to the character set currently selected. Each of the twelve
        character sets are identified by the contents of the Port/Number
        Base/Mode fields.


        Individual Attribute Changes
        ----------------------------

        It is a very simple matter to replace an attribute for any given
        character in a particular set. Follow this entire procedure for
        each character attribute you wish to modify:

        o Edit the Character field to contain the Octal, Decimal or
                Hexadecimal (depending upon the current Number Base)
                numeric value of the character whose attribute you wish to
                change. All three digits in the field are considered to
                make up the requested value - the position of the cursor
                at the time editing is concluded is irrelevant.

        o Exit the Character editing mode to update the Attributes
                field.

        o Edit the Attributes field to contain the numeric value of the
                desired attribute. As with the Character field entry, the
                final cursor position is not relevant to the entered
                value. DataScope will assume all three digits are part of
                the number.

        o Exit the editing mode for the Attributes field.

        o Press the F1 function key to update the attribute of the
                selected character and its translation string.










                                      4-9

                                                         Advanced Topics
        ________________________________________________________________

        Translation String Changes
        --------------------------

        Follow this entire procedure for each character translation
        string you wish to modify:

        o Edit the Character field to contain the Octal, Decimal or
                Hexadecimal (depending upon the current Number Base)
                numeric value of the character whose translation string
                you wish to alter. All three digits in the field are
                considered to make up the requested value - the cursor
                position at the time editing is concluded is irrelevant.

        o Exit the Character editing mode to update the Translation
                String field.

        o Edit the Translation String field to contain the alphanumeric
                values desired in the new translation string. As with the
                Character field entry, the final cursor position is not
                relevant to the entered value. DataScope will assume all
                alphanumeric characters are part of the string, so do not
                leave extraneous characters after the cursor - make sure
                the cursor is followed by blanks (spaces). Following
                spaces are not included in the string, but leading spaces
                are incorporated as part of the string.

        o Exit the editing mode for the Translation String field.

        o Press the F1 function key to update the translation string of
                the selected character.


        Global Attribute Changes
        ------------------------

        o Edit the Low and High fields to define the inclusive range
                of characters whose attributes you wish to set. As with
                most numeric fields, the final cursor position does not
                matter - all numbers in the field are assumed to be part
                of the final value.

        o Edit the Attributes field to contain the desired attribute
                value. Again, the cursor does not determine how many
                characters are in the field.

        o Press the F2 function key to alter the attributes of all
                characters from Low, up to and including, High.





                                     4-10

                             Appendix A
                             ----------

        Paladin Software, Inc. is a member of the Association of
        Shareware Proffesionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that
        the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to
        resolve a shareware-related problem with an ASP member by
        contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The
        ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an
        ASP member, but does not provide technical support for members'
        products. Please write to:

                           ASP Ombudsman
                           545 Grover Road
                           Muskegon, MI  49442

        or send a Compuserve message via easyplex to:

                           ASP Ombudsman
                           70007,3536


                             Appendix B
                             ----------

        Two types of files are present in the shareware product version:
        Files that are necessary for DataScope operation, and shareware
        documentation files. Both groups are listed below for reference.
        All files in both groups should be present on the disk or in the
        compressed file, depending upon how you received DataScope.


                              Operational Files
                              -----------------

                PALS.EXE         DataScope executable file.
                PALS.CFG         Default configuration kernel file.
                EBCDIC.CFG       Alternate EBCDIC character translations.
                COLORS.CFG       Demonstration character attribute colors.
                PALS.HLP         On-line, context sensitive help file.

                SEQUENCE.BIN     Demonstration archive file.
                SEQUENCE.DAT     Demonstration interactive transmission
                                 file.


                             Documentation Files
                             -------------------

                MANUAL.TXT       Shareware manual text file.
                CABLE.DOC        Shareware cable description file.
                ORDERFRM.DOC     Registered version order form.
                README.TXT       This file contains the most recent
                                 DataScope product information.